You know what? This situation in particular shows just how messed up this system is. The ATK declared war on Boj China, but due to a technicality, only one member can actually attack. Then when peru goes to respond to an attack on its ally by which it should not be able to be attacked for in turn and says ATK (which was what Xian said when he declared war on Boj china, so how could red know that only Xian was technically participating?) hes automatically at war with all 3 members, even though only one of them is attacking his ally.
This goes to show how stuck on the phases you are. Just because we are in the first phase doesnt mean that only 'new' declarations should be able to made. Thats like saying countries have to wait 2 months before they can declare war on a country who attacked their ally. Peru's declaration was OBVIOUSLY not a 'new' one. It was made in response to Xian saying that the ATK is at war with peru's ally, Boj China. So the way I see it, if there are two reasonable outcomes for this, neither of which is the current outcome you have posted:
1. Xian is at war with Boj china, Peru is at war with Xian in response, nobody else can officially join the war due to Peru's declaration technically being a phase 2 type of declaration.
2. The whole ATK is at war with Boj China, Peru is at war with the whole ATK. Nobody else, like Swaziland can join in.
The part about nobody else being able to go to war with Peru or Boj China after that is because Peru's declaration was in response to the whole ATK supposedly attacking Boj China (even though only Xian was due to your technicality, and so Peru accidentally declared war on the others as well). Response declarations cannot be responded to with another declaration, as is the whole point of your 'phase two' correct?
Its stupid however to restrict responses to the 48 hours AFTER original declarations. Does it really matter WHEN the response declaration is made, as long as it is in response to the original one and still within the overall DoW period?