Well this took a bit, but here are my thoughts on the ones I thought were needing tweaks (if i didn't comment it means I think its fine)
Arabia: The change to the Last Prophet I like, but I feel like the second is far too powerful if you're also doing the third. Just doing the first on global science should be plenty - or do + 1 science in cities following the religion, and +1% science to your global science for each city in the world that follows it.
Australia: I agree they're appeal adjacency is overpowered - but I don't think this the way to hit them. Maybe just a flat -1 to adjacency in districts with negative appeal (so that rain forest and hill starts aren't dead on arrival)
Aztec: Instead of making the entertainment complex easier to make - which their other ability already does - perhaps provide more incentive to it, ala give the Tlachti - +1 culture for each luxury resource in this city, and +1 faith for each luxury resource your empire controls.
Babylon: This means they get no science in the early game, when they most need it? I don't think this works. If you want to add another malus in this, perhaps do something like '-5% production for each era past your culture your science is'
Cree: Bonuses to scout combat aren't incredibly useful - perhaps add a flat +1 movement to all units in the recon line (still weaker then Vietnam's but more consistent).
I think if you're going to buff Workshop of the World just simplify it. Its got wayyyyy too much text and different ideas behind it. Something like - Industrial zones/RND/Encampments provide major adjacency bonuses to other specialty districts. Double power provided from buildings, and powered buildings gain +8 of their respective yield.
I like your Pax, maybe make the first city also loyalty immune for like 20 turns? Could be abuseable, but the British were known to abuse...
Court of Love is also good and thematic imo.
Grand tour's appeal is less helpful - give them something like +5% culture and faith yields in a city for each wonder in it instead.
I don't think any of these buffs or nerfs are needed, except maybe to thermopylae. Germany and Gran Colombia are in relatively good places now, and Pericles is hardly overpowered unless you roll lucky.
Inca: I think Inca is a bit weak honestly. I'd give them something like +1 food to mountains for each adjacent Campus/Holy Site/Theater Square/Seaport, +1 Production for each adjacent Encampment/Industrial Zone/Commercial Hub. Makes the mountain ability less...awful without the preserve.
Khmer: You've lost the religous theming in the 'Monostaries of the King. I would say instead of providing the housing to everything, have rivers provide a major adjacency bonus to holy sites.
Grand Barays is now too powerful, making improvements just super op. I think keeping with the aqueduct if you're going to do that is better, and then keeping it to a standard adjacency.
Korea: I think they're actually is fine right now, but the extra housing might be fair. I think adding a world wonder concept behind them isn't the way to go though, but if you had to add something more governor focus would be good.
Mali: Personally I think it should have the production malus not apply to civlian units.
Mapuche: I like the idea that free cities are somewhat allies with Mapuche, but the loyalty losses cannot be recouped seems a bit abuseable. Instead maybe change it to -1 loyalty for each point of war weariness in a city, as well as -1 loyalty/turn for each unit killed by a city for five turns (Max -10 loyalty).
Maya: The bonuses seem on par with what I'd want - except the observatory should provide adjacency to each adjacent Camp, Farm, and Plantation improvable resources instead, so they can use tiles they haven't improved.
Norway: I like the religious theme you're adding on here, though I worry it steps a bit on some other civs toes. Maybe make all water improvements provide + 1 faith instead? Then make the Berserker half off is purchased with faith. Perhaps even increase faith yields from pillaging by 25% (though this might lack flavor). This way the goal is to set up a small faith engine and stockpile early game with plundering to push for a mid-game faith purchase supported dom rush.
Nubia: Nubian pyramids being build on snow/tundra feels wrong from a history standpoint. Perhaps instead, make it +1 yields from adjacent districts, and doubled if on a desert - this way you can place it more, but there is still incentive to place it on desert over other tiles.
Persia: Persia really doesn't need more bonuses though imo, they're one of the best civs in the game.
Phonecia: I think it would be more interesting if you gave them the free tech whenever they finished the change capitals project - as well as making that notably cheaper. Also make it part of mediteranean colonies. This way they're incetivized to use it. Cothon creating production makes some sense to me.
Poland: I like the idea, but seems too much like a copy/paste of america. What if we inverted it's old ability into something like: Gain extra military card policy slots for each wildcard slot you curretnly have. (This might be op tbh). Or something like bonus culture and faith for encampments.
Rome: Like the double loyalty, thought it might be a bit much. Perhaps just a flat +5 or something is better. Roman fort will never be good until forts are better though.
Russia: This is just Kublai, but with great works, I don't think changing it like this is better, I think just buffing the numbers would help. I like the seperation/delay for the Lavra, though perhaps not even giving them would also be fair. Honestly though i'm not even sure he needs the first buff hes just so good.
Scotland: Bannockburn is better here, perhaps add defensive war as a condition, as scotland was mostly the one attacked in its notable conflicts with England. I don't think scotland should do domination so I might say switch that way entirely. Golf course should just increase the ammenites and provide bonus gold for each adjacent district that doesn't provide culture.
Scythia: Agreed the religous part is fun. Thats an interesting change that I'm not against, but perhaps they cost faith equal to half the gold/turn it normally would, so they still have an advantage in it. Kurgan would need more faith/turn if you go this route though.
Sumeria: Allies of Endiku needs a buff - perhaps bonus yields to them and any civ they declare friendship with.
Vietnam: I personally don't find its ability bad, its just not the biggest tool in the kit. Marshes and Jungle providing appeal isn't terrible, but maybe just have them not be an appeal malus so as not to step on Brazil's toes.
Well overall those are my thoughts, some fun ideas here, and I skipped the ones I thought I more or less agreed with, but didn't want to skip too many.
Arabia: The change to the Last Prophet I like, but I feel like the second is far too powerful if you're also doing the third. Just doing the first on global science should be plenty - or do + 1 science in cities following the religion, and +1% science to your global science for each city in the world that follows it.
Australia: I agree they're appeal adjacency is overpowered - but I don't think this the way to hit them. Maybe just a flat -1 to adjacency in districts with negative appeal (so that rain forest and hill starts aren't dead on arrival)
Aztec: Instead of making the entertainment complex easier to make - which their other ability already does - perhaps provide more incentive to it, ala give the Tlachti - +1 culture for each luxury resource in this city, and +1 faith for each luxury resource your empire controls.
Babylon: This means they get no science in the early game, when they most need it? I don't think this works. If you want to add another malus in this, perhaps do something like '-5% production for each era past your culture your science is'
Cree: Bonuses to scout combat aren't incredibly useful - perhaps add a flat +1 movement to all units in the recon line (still weaker then Vietnam's but more consistent).
I think if you're going to buff Workshop of the World just simplify it. Its got wayyyyy too much text and different ideas behind it. Something like - Industrial zones/RND/Encampments provide major adjacency bonuses to other specialty districts. Double power provided from buildings, and powered buildings gain +8 of their respective yield.
I like your Pax, maybe make the first city also loyalty immune for like 20 turns? Could be abuseable, but the British were known to abuse...
Court of Love is also good and thematic imo.
Grand tour's appeal is less helpful - give them something like +5% culture and faith yields in a city for each wonder in it instead.
Way too many changes imo. Khevsur change is good, but I think you're losing the diplo/faith/defensive theme they have. I mentioned it earlier, but making their cassius belli ability also work on defensive and golden age wars makes it a lot better as well as walls providing +1 Great Prophet point each.
I don't think any of these buffs or nerfs are needed, except maybe to thermopylae. Germany and Gran Colombia are in relatively good places now, and Pericles is hardly overpowered unless you roll lucky.
Inca: I think Inca is a bit weak honestly. I'd give them something like +1 food to mountains for each adjacent Campus/Holy Site/Theater Square/Seaport, +1 Production for each adjacent Encampment/Industrial Zone/Commercial Hub. Makes the mountain ability less...awful without the preserve.
Khmer: You've lost the religous theming in the 'Monostaries of the King. I would say instead of providing the housing to everything, have rivers provide a major adjacency bonus to holy sites.
Grand Barays is now too powerful, making improvements just super op. I think keeping with the aqueduct if you're going to do that is better, and then keeping it to a standard adjacency.
Korea: I think they're actually is fine right now, but the extra housing might be fair. I think adding a world wonder concept behind them isn't the way to go though, but if you had to add something more governor focus would be good.
Mali: Personally I think it should have the production malus not apply to civlian units.
Mapuche: I like the idea that free cities are somewhat allies with Mapuche, but the loyalty losses cannot be recouped seems a bit abuseable. Instead maybe change it to -1 loyalty for each point of war weariness in a city, as well as -1 loyalty/turn for each unit killed by a city for five turns (Max -10 loyalty).
Maya: The bonuses seem on par with what I'd want - except the observatory should provide adjacency to each adjacent Camp, Farm, and Plantation improvable resources instead, so they can use tiles they haven't improved.
Norway: I like the religious theme you're adding on here, though I worry it steps a bit on some other civs toes. Maybe make all water improvements provide + 1 faith instead? Then make the Berserker half off is purchased with faith. Perhaps even increase faith yields from pillaging by 25% (though this might lack flavor). This way the goal is to set up a small faith engine and stockpile early game with plundering to push for a mid-game faith purchase supported dom rush.
Nubia: Nubian pyramids being build on snow/tundra feels wrong from a history standpoint. Perhaps instead, make it +1 yields from adjacent districts, and doubled if on a desert - this way you can place it more, but there is still incentive to place it on desert over other tiles.
Persia: Persia really doesn't need more bonuses though imo, they're one of the best civs in the game.
Phonecia: I think it would be more interesting if you gave them the free tech whenever they finished the change capitals project - as well as making that notably cheaper. Also make it part of mediteranean colonies. This way they're incetivized to use it. Cothon creating production makes some sense to me.
Poland: I like the idea, but seems too much like a copy/paste of america. What if we inverted it's old ability into something like: Gain extra military card policy slots for each wildcard slot you curretnly have. (This might be op tbh). Or something like bonus culture and faith for encampments.
Rome: Like the double loyalty, thought it might be a bit much. Perhaps just a flat +5 or something is better. Roman fort will never be good until forts are better though.
Russia: This is just Kublai, but with great works, I don't think changing it like this is better, I think just buffing the numbers would help. I like the seperation/delay for the Lavra, though perhaps not even giving them would also be fair. Honestly though i'm not even sure he needs the first buff hes just so good.
Scotland: Bannockburn is better here, perhaps add defensive war as a condition, as scotland was mostly the one attacked in its notable conflicts with England. I don't think scotland should do domination so I might say switch that way entirely. Golf course should just increase the ammenites and provide bonus gold for each adjacent district that doesn't provide culture.
Scythia: Agreed the religous part is fun. Thats an interesting change that I'm not against, but perhaps they cost faith equal to half the gold/turn it normally would, so they still have an advantage in it. Kurgan would need more faith/turn if you go this route though.
Spain: I like the trade route bonuses, but perhaps lower the combat bonus vs civs of other faiths.
Sumeria: Allies of Endiku needs a buff - perhaps bonus yields to them and any civ they declare friendship with.
Vietnam: I personally don't find its ability bad, its just not the biggest tool in the kit. Marshes and Jungle providing appeal isn't terrible, but maybe just have them not be an appeal malus so as not to step on Brazil's toes.
Well overall those are my thoughts, some fun ideas here, and I skipped the ones I thought I more or less agreed with, but didn't want to skip too many.
