OOC: Well, here it is...
I probably made some mistakes, but this should be the general picture of the world after the First Northern War (alas, I don't remember the precise dates for it) and its history before that. Feel free to ask about some details.
IC:
The worlds of fantasy (most of them, anyway) are either implausibly optimistic, either implausibly pessimistic, either white, either black. But Sapkowski's world is unique - it is gray, it is realistic, so realistic it seems... "unfantasyish". Elves are not "arrogant" as often described, or at least not as much arrogant as merely stupid and naive (until both of those "qualities" got beaten out of them by the humans), the humanity dominates the known world due to higher breeding rates (and not due to some sort of a "destiny"), Snowhite (a result of a magical fallout) mugged the Seven Dwarves to death after yet another of their infamous bandit raids, most of the magicians went into politics of one kind or another, absolute monarchs slaughter "unhumans" wholesale, squabble and often are manipulated by merchant guilds. The cities are dirty, especially the suburbs, the magnificent walls are rather undermaintained and might as well collapse in the crucial moment. Life in the Northern Lands goes on, on until came the "great southern king" as prophesized by the elven sorceress, Ithlinne aep Aevinen.
STOP. What was there BEFORE that?
In the beginning - in this part of the world anyway - were the... no, not elves. Dwarves. Gnomes, to be more specific, who back then lived in what is now South Temeria: it was much later that the dwarves - or the "redfolk" - and the halflings became trully different from the gnomes. Elves came later, in their magnificent ships, et cetera, et cetera. Later, they would say that dwarves, just like the elves, were the "ancient peoples" that must unite in their war against the "human usurpers", but actually, it was the elves that were the first to attack dwarven lands. But, eventually, things settled down, elven and dwarven city-states learned to exist in comparative peace.
Then came the humans, whose original lands were destroyed by magic (supposedly, this happened some 550 years ago or so). Ah, the humans, they had a rather short life-span, very little knowledge of hygene, horrible superstitions and phobias, and a lot of other nasty stuff. Such as vulnerability to a huge amount of diseases. But they also had high breeding rates and RUTHLESSNESS. The elves thought that these humans were like a plague, a locust swarm that will come and pass, and so they retreated and waited out. Naturally, the humans didn't go away, instead they took over the "temporarily" abandoned elven cities and built their own atop them. Novigrad, for example, was built atop the ancient elven city that previously existed there. The long history of human expansion begun; when, eventually, the elves under Lara Doriannen begun their great rebellion, the humans had to great an advantage. The elves were defeated, forced into retreat or assimilated, or, most often, thrown into ghettoes and reservations. The elves are a dying race, without a national homeland. Though perhaps, there still is hope for them... more on that later. During the "detente" between elves and humans, and after Lara's rebellion, the metis race of half-elves appeared, inheriting often the elven culture nonetheless, but becoming more distant from their elven relatives, but these, though there is more of them then one might think, are hardly important. The dwarven races acted in different ways. Some, like many dwarves and most halflings, were assimilated, settling in human cities, sometimes in ghettoes and sometimes free. Many of them became famed bankers, fabolously rich... but on the other hand, due to being "unhuman" they were very often persecuted; early 13th century was especially filled with racial pogroms. But some went by a different path (especially a wide majority of gnomes) and concentrated in the mountainous land of Makhakam, where they formed a paternalistic government (essentially, an elder is elected for life by the clan leaders). Growing their metallurgic skills, they placed the human kingdoms in something of a dependancy - high-quality steel could only come from Makhakam - and also, they armed themselves to the teeth, in the beginning at least. After the first attempts, the humans suddenly lost their desire for controllin Makhakam... A similar thing happened with the nature-loving dryads. Nature-loving dryads filled their forest, Brokilon, with human corpses, but defended their independance. And few ever dared to even approach Brokilon again. And of those who did, only very, very few survived - those who managed to get the dryads to tolerate them. As guests. Rare guests.
And so the human kingdoms grew, expanded, consumed each other and fell apart again. 11th century was time of much expansion, with the elven strenght crippled, but many dangers still existed as the various monsters that appeared at the time of the Conjuncture of the Spheres (it is from that tremendous event that magic arts date, and from there does the modern calendar begin) roamed the lands. The humans, one must admit, were less skilled at defense and in blending in with the environment then those who came before them; the humans were also more ambitious and more ruthless, no doubt they would have advanced to the eastern coast despite the monsters. But, either way, to combat the monsters who attacked the colonists, the "witchers" appeared. Magical mutants, they were unsurpassed swordmasters, and though they were often scorned by ordinary humans and ecologically concerned druids and wizards, those same humans, and sometimes druids and wizards, were often forced to plea at their knees for the help of the witchers.
And so, the humans expanded. Eventually, they conquered the central part of the Northern Lands; it was there that Redania, Temeria, Caedwen and Cidaris would rise. Much later, they colonized the barren north and the wild south. In the north, Redania had large holdings at some point, but later, king Radovid I the Great sent away his brother, a spoiled little brat, to rule there (in the then-earldom of Covir) just to make him go away. It was so that though officialy Covir was a vassal of Redania, de facto it was an independant nation. Time would pass, Covir would conquer some neighbhors, and would also prosper - depite all odds, gold and many other metals were found beneath the hostile rocky surface. Pont Vanis, a great city, was built with canals instead of streets and amazed many visitors. And, ofcourse, an important factor was that the people who had ideas TOO BOLD, TOO INNOVATIVE for Redania departed there in great amounts. And so, Covir prospered, with metallurgy and glassblowing and ofcourse maritime trade. Once, a Redanian king wanted to conquer Covir. A 40-thousand men army, with a Caedwenese expediitonary corps, crossed the river Braa. A few days later, less then a half of that force crossed the river back. The numerically-inferior Covirese army was filled with well-paid men and commanded by well-educated officers, it was a true modern army that defeated the overbold Redanian knights.
In the south, the small- and medium-sized kingdoms - such as Kerrack, Sodden, Cintra, Liria-and-Rivia, Brugge, Verdun, Aedirn and Toussent - appeared. This was not a happy place, due to all those monsters. And all those elves as well, in the more northern parts...
And so they squabbled. But just as in the past, those kingdoms rose and conquered lesser ones, now a "great southern king" came to conquer for himself. This was Emperor Emgyr var Emreys, the White Fire that Dances on the Graves of His Foes, supreme ruler of Nilfgaard. Nilfgaard, a human nation, was radically different from the northern ones; for instnace, it had a monotheistic religion based on sun-worship, while the "nordlings" had an assorted pantheon of gods. Nilfgaard was also more racially-tolerant, though regarding the nordlings as "barbarians". Indeed, Nilfgaard was also more advanced.
As 13th century set in, Emgyr var Emreys, a missing heir like many others, sided with a group of conspirators. As he had a claim on the Nilfgaardian throne, he became a symbol of the coming coup. And later, he asserted his power, killing those who thought him to be a mere puppet. With ruthlessness unparalleled, he supressed the magicians, killed off his political enemies and finally, built up a great army like none before. Hundreds of thousands of black-clad Nilfgaardian troops, with their winged helmets and white-suns-on-black-capes, marched north, conquering kingdom after kingdom. All fell to his army, but the rest of the north was largely oblivious.
Until they attacked Cintra. Cintra was a strong and rich kingdom on the Yaruga river, ruled by the "Lioness", Queen Calanthe. With fire and sword, came Nilfgaard, and suddenly, the Cintrans were massacred. Their army was. The whole kingdom was overrun and conquered, Queen Calanthe was killed in the fighting - Jarl Krach un Krayt of Skeligge Islands (a vassal of Cintra) swore revenge. Shocked, Cintra's northern neighbhors decided to ally against Nilfgaard. Nilfgaard moved further still, winning battle after battle, until finally, in the Second Battle of Sodden, the armies of numerous Nordling nations faced that of Nilfgaard. The forces were nearly equal... but the nordlings received unexpected allies. Mahakham seeked to improve relations with its human neighbhours, and so an expeditionary corps of ferocious, war-like young dwarves was sent south (commanded by Barklay Els). And finally - the Capitul, a mage guild, has violated its traditions of neutrality. Out of nordling patriotism, or out of fear of supression as such that happened in Nilfgaard, they sent a group of powerful sorcerors. They exhausted themselves, but finally, Nilfgaard was defeated. It had to retreat to Cintra, abandoning the conquests in Brugge, Sodden and in Aedirn, and elsewhere north of Yaruga.
Even today, the people of Brugge remember the Twelve of the Hill, those sorcerors and sorceresses who died defending the northern realm...
But this was hardly the end of it. Emgyr did something that was back then considered suicide for his army - he executed the commanders of the defeated armies in large amount. But those who were killed were the old commanders, who became such due to their noble birth rather then their capabilities. This allowed a new generation of commanders, commanders taught in the new military academies and picked for their skill, to take over the army. And to fight a new kind of war... Total War. Already then, it was decided that in revenge for Sodden, everything must be destroyed or carried away back to Nilfgaard by the great army (OOC: IMHO Toteone would make a good player for Nilfgaard). Preparations begun for the war...
But so far, that war is not yet here. Nilfgaard and the northern kingdoms stare at each other over the Yaruga, and prepare for a final clash, a War to end all Wars. The Council of Kings has convened - there, Queen Meva of Liria-and-Rivia, King Henselt of Caedwen, King Demavend of Redania and King Foltest of Temeria discussed strategy and coordination. But it seems that Nilfgaard will win this time. For the Nilfgaardian merchants are flooding the northern markets with their superior goods, the propaganda is spread promising better life to the manufacturers, the peasants and the merchants, and independance is promised to Dol Blathanna - a traditional elven region within Aedirn. For the elves and even some of the dwarves, sick with nordling rule, have formed scoa'thaele ("squirrel") guerrila brigades that attack humans everywhere and commit atrocities that made the human ones wane in respect. As was intended... One of the most infamous scoa'thaele leaders is Isengrim Faol'tiarna, the Iron Wolf, a scarred elf whose very name makes most humans tremble.
It seems that Nilfgaard will win. Or will it?