Literature:
The Iliad/Odissey - Homer (Greece)
Dom Quixote de La Mancha - Cervantes (Spain)
Merchant of Venice - Shakespear (England)
The Lusiads (Portugal)
Utopia - Moore (England)
The Social Contract - Rousseau (France)
War and Peace/Anna Karenina - Tolstoy (Russia)
The Capital - Karl Marx (Germany)
War of the Worlds - H.G Wells (England)
Brave New World - Huxley (England)
The Great Gatsby - Fritzgerald (USA)
The Grapes of Wrath - Steinbeck (USA)
(maybe it's too anglo-centric and western-centric, and too focused on the Rennaisance-Modern era; both Shakespear's Merchant of Venice and Camões' the Lusiads fit so well the EP theme, and are revered as some of the seminal works of modern western literature)
Music:
Vivaldi's
Dvorak's New World symphony (plus, it was on Civ IV, and it was gorgeous!)
Beethoven 7th symphony
[ad nauseum, countless classical composers to choose from]
Erik Satie - perhaps the Gymnopedies
Some random Elvis' song to represent popular music
Tom Jobim - Insensatez, or the Girl from Ipanema.
So many good choices...