Moralism is based on, self-evidently, some kind of universal morality, and it is very obviously inspired by Catholicism (a modern Catholicism, with modern ideas of state and government of course). If it were not to be inspired by Catholicism, then it's basically a kind of socialism - an atheistic "common good" moral system, where the benefit of the community is put over individuals, but where no divine mandate from god is necessary to prove the moral system good.
Where Jehoshua goes off track is that he tries to say that the Catholic teachings Moralism employs are themselves based off of "natural philosophy", and therefore, he tries to cheat and have it both ways, by creating ethics that have nothing really to do with god, but are ordained by god just in case.
...(though never legally obliged, just encouraged, because apparently Catholics [in CI] are pansies and won't uphold their own beliefs)...
The areas of Catholic philosophy this refers too is natural law theory. This conception has it that moral norms can be discerned from nature, and proceed from an objective font of order, namely natures God. Ergo, the "ethics of moralism" you refer too do not exclude God because it presumes a divine creator around whom the objective order of the universe is fixed. I'm not positing a godless morality and then adding God in on the sly.
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If a woman wants to work so be it, she is not committing something objectively and gravely evil (ergo a mortal sin) and its a matter of her own conscience if she wants to listen to the Church's advice or not. Women in the workforce is a morally neutral subject, and the Church's considerations are solely on the effects it would have on the family and on society from that. Ergo the Church has no problem with women in the workforce based on their own merits, but it does have a problem based on the degree to which women in the workforce would degrade the maternal and domestic sphere, with corresponding problems. There simply is no dogma in the Catholic Church which posits that "Thou shalt forbid women enter into the workforce".
Therefore, Its precisely because Catholics (in CI) are keeping to their beliefs about the dignity of human beings, that women are not being forced into the home or encumbered with obscene restrictions. Evil has no rights, but one does have a right to make prudential decisions contrary to the Church's advice when it does not violate its dogma on faith and morals. That said the Church obviously thinks its better if the faithful do take its advice
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@Crezth: All my comment was referring to is the fact that whenever (in my experience here and elsewhere) people speak of libertarianism they conflate it with the libertarian movement in the United States, and so "libertarianism" the ideology is often muddied in the popular mind with other attributes that do not actually pertain directly to it. Thus considering this experience, as I said, confusion is not unexpected. If you want to maintain that that statement was some judgement on your own character/intelligence as you seem to have done (and which it was not) and was condescending that's your choice and right. Its natural that people make opinions on the nature of other people, even in the absence of actual human to human contact, so I'm not too concerned at what opinions people make of me over the internet since I know its inevitable. Just as I have formed opinions (even as I try not to) of various people based occasionally on nothing other than writing style.
Anyways as to your list of questions, moralism in all instances tolerates catholics at least in the negative sense I mentioned. Moralist states thus far have permitted heathen to be heathen and heretic to be heretic which should answer your second question, whether that includes liberties associated with positive toleration depends on the state (one could tolerate the heathens/heretics presence and forbid them rights to proselytise, build temples and the like). The answer to your third question regarding protestant and jewish minorities would presumably depend on the circumstance, a carte blanche formula for when Catholic moralism becomes unfeasible does not exist, and each society has its on unique characteristics and circumstances. In the event of a majority of said groups, minority rule (as in white-ruled south Africa, and Zimbabwe) is possible, although the idiosyncrasies of such a circumstance are likely to be "less than ideal" to say the least. As to your last question, a Catholic moralist society cannot exist without Catholics, since if there are no Catholics then the characteristic that defines the first word of the phrase "Catholic moralist", is not present. A moralist society without Catholics would just be "moralism" generic, or if associated with a specific other religion "Anglican Moralism" or Eastern Orthodox Moralism" or something like that, although I would think Jewish, Islamic and atheist moralism are impossible since the first two have "revealed laws" which preclude a natural law based system, and because moralism's "framework" necessarily is predicated on the conception of the divine which wouldn't work with the atheists.
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EDIT: I would suggest that a "Moralist Manifesto" (just like a "Conservative Manifesto) cannot reasonably exist, since it is not a fundamentally utopian construct (it lacks a teleology), and varies depending on whichever context it finds itself in. Moralism in Brazil adapts Brazilian traditions, in Chile Chilean traditions, in Colombia Colombian traditions and so forth. There is no one governmental, political paradigm which moralism "is", since moralism can exist within a plurality of political systems.