THE POTSDAM ACCORDS. Potsdam, Brandenburg. As the Great War ends, it seems that a new power is rising in Central Europe, as Vienna and Berlin met for a world-shaking agreement. The Potsdam Accords have created in practice a unified German state, consisting of the Brandenburger and Austrian nations. The accords have established a full military alliance between the two powers, creating a strong unified military force. Economically, the tariffs between both nations have been eliminated, and preparations have begun for introducing a united currency to bring the countries even closer together. Finally of significance, Austria and Brandenburg have begun to work to create a united front of political force throughout Europe and the world. The influence of the agreement has been witnessed in the Italian theater as they attempt to enforce a proposal to bring unity and peace to the Italian Peninsula. (+1 Stability in Austria)
THE TREATY OF ODESSA. Odessa, Russia. The Russian government and the king of Hungary have at last signed a treaty, ending that theater of war, and leaving Poland alone in the fight against the Russian hordes. After fighting their way back to the Dniester Line, the Hungarians established new defensive positions, but were forced to negotiate for peace after the Treaty of Riga was signed. Unwilling to continue the war alone, the Hungarians made a rather punitive agreement, ending their involvement in the war. The Hungarians are forced to pay reparations to the Russian emperor, lift its influence over Serbia, and grant independence to the nation of Romania, to be established by the Russians. Furthermore, they have been forced to complete withdraw their fleets from the Black Sea, and have been forbidden to return to the region. The fighting has come to a close, as Hungary struggles with the new provisions set upon it.
Casualty Lists
Hungary: 34 Infantry Brigades, 3 Cavalry Brigades, 12 Artillery Brigades (-1 Stability)
Russia: 20 Conscript Brigades, 55 Infantry Brigades, 4 Cavalry Brigades, 10 Artillery Brigades
KINGDOM OF ROMANIA CREATED. Bucharest, Romania. The defeat of the Hungarians has led at last to the creation of an independent Romania, as a new kingdom has been created as a servant of the Russian Empire. The Russian Emperor Nicholas has placed his cousin of the same name upon the newly created throne of Romania. The new King Nicholas has pledged to keep his newly acquired nation close to his Russian home, and he enjoys the full support of the Russian military to preserve his claim. In order to build local support, King Nicholas has welcomed the leaders of the Romanian nationalist movements to discuss the future of the state and invite some of them to participate in his government. The question remains how effective this will be, as few Romanians are highly enthusiastic to see a foreign king once more atop their own nation's throne. Regardless, the nationalists have published papers welcoming the king with cautious enthusiasm and await to see what sort of a monarch he will truly be.
SARDINIA SIGNS CEASE FIRE WITH ITALIAN REPUBLIC. Genoa, Italian Republic. Fighting proved to be fairly stalemated between the Sardinians and Italians at the start of the year, and soon fizzled out. As disputes grew and the Italian situation grew more and more complex with the League of Continental Nations and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland throwing their weight around, Sardinia chose to extract itself from the region. The result was a cease fire declared between the Italian and Sardinian governments, hoping to end the fighting for the time being. As Sardinia remains stalwartly opposing the idea of Italian unification, the relationship between Cagliari and Genoa remains cold at best, and hostile most of the time. The hope remains that the Friedman Proposal offered by Brandenburg will still guide the rest of the Italians to peace, but that seemed dashed as fighting continued between the Papacy and Naples.
Casualty Lists
Italian Republic: 5 Conscript Brigades
Sardinia: 4 Conscript Brigades
SARDINIA SIGNS PEACE WITH ALLIES. Cagliari, Sardinia. Despite the signing of the Treaty of Madrid, the kingdom of Sardinia was still considered to be at war with the Allies. The Brazilian government, eager to establish a political victory after the fiasco over Spanish South Africa, was quick to force a treaty upon the Sardinians. The Sardinian government has ended all hostilities with the Allied powers, also willing to avoid a war in which they'd fight alone against the wrath of the Allied nations. In compensation for the losses caused to the Brazilian fleet during the course of the Great War, hefty reparations have been forced upon Sardinia to be paid to the Allies. The Sardinians have reluctantly accepted this as the heavy cost of peace and the avoidance of an even larger war while the Italian question remains unsettled.
LEAGUE OF CONTINENTAL NATIONS ESTABLISHED. Antwerp, Netherlands. In effort of what could be considered a drive for peace, seventeen European nations have gathered together to establish the League of Continental Nations. Spearheaded by the Franco-Burgundian Confederation and the Netherlands, the effort quickly gained momentum when Scandinavia and Russia offered their own support for the League. The League of Continental Nations has been allegedly established to further the goals of European peace, but there has been some dispute over whether or not this cause is genuine. The Flemish representative has been appointed the chairman of the League, and this has done much to establish the legitimacy of the new organization. Unfortunately, the cause lost some support when the other neutral nation of Brittany exited the organization, claiming the calls for peace are hypocrisy coming from the League. The League has established its headquarters in Antwerp, and faces considerable suspicion from the rest of the international community due to its fairly secretive nature and involvement in the Italian situation.
The first meeting of the League of Continental Nations
RUSSIA ANNEXES THE REALMS OF POLAND. Warsaw, Russia. The fall of the Allies in Danzig and the surrender of Hungary left only Poland and Georgia remaining in the fight against the Russian invaders. The Poles continued to fight for as long as possible, holding Danzig and the border cities to help evacuate those unwilling to remain under Russian rule. With Krakow under siege, King August IV was forced to surrender his kingdom to Russian rule, evacuating with the rest of the Polish Royal Family and most of the other Polish refugees to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. The Russians have established a number of harsh occupation laws, establishing their authority over the provinces of Poland. Despite promises by the government to attempt to restrain such activity, a number of official documents have been burned in Krakow, while soldiers desert into the countryside and cities, hoping to continue a guerilla war against the Russian occupiers. There have already been numerous reports of Polish attacks upon the Russian army as the occupy the region, inviting retaliation. Families of soldiers in rebellion have been executed or exiled as punishment for their involvement in rebellion and sabotage. The fighting remains intense as the Russians struggle to hunt down and eliminate the remaining resistance in the region.
Casualty Lists
Poland: 3 Conscript Brigades, 51 Infantry Brigades, 3 Cavalry Brigades, 30 Artillery Brigades
Russia: 70 Conscript Brigades, 62 Infantry Brigades, 12 Artillery Brigades, -1 Stability
THE GREAT ESCAPE FROM POLAND. Danzig, Russia. The British and Poles did their best at the conclusion of the war and during to aid the escape of numerous Polish citizens, and when word leaked about Russian occupation policies, much of this effort was turned to evacuating the families of Polish sailors. As the last act of Polish defiance, the final withdrawing British ships watched as the crews of the Polish navy sunk their proud battleship and other vessels in the harbor, while Polish regiments in the city fought on. The Russians attempted to retaliate but found that few families remained, as most had been in Danzig, but they did manage to capture a few Polish ships before they could be sunk by their fleeing crews. Statisticians have estimated that over one hundred thousand Polish citizens were evacuated from Poland in the months before the kingdom fell to the Russians, most taking up residence in the United Kingdom along with the Royal Family.
PAPAL STATES CONTINUE FIGHTING. Naples, Naples. Despite the establishment of peace between Sardinia and the Italian Republic, the sounds of warfare continue to emanate from the Italian Peninsula. The Austrians have made an about face in the conflict, turning their guns on their former Papal allies. The result was a vicious battle for Rome, as the Austrians fought not just the papal defenders but themselves. Not all Austrians were anxious to engage the Pope's armies, and some turned against their comrades in arms to help defend the Papacy, tipping them off to the Austrian general's intentions. The result was the destruction of those loyal to the Austrian cause and an influx of private Austrian support to the Papacy. During the demise of the Austrian expedition, much of Rome was battered, including a tragic moment as the historic Coliseum was destroyed by Austrian artillery. As the Papal forces and Austrians fought around Rome, the Neapolitans began their own renewed offensive, driving north along the coastline. The Austrian navy supported this push, as they struck the harbors along the coast and brought an end to the Papal Navy with few casualties of their own. The disruption of the defenders caused by the fighting in Rome allowed the Neapolitans to make headway and drive onward against the defense. A new strike from Austria by combined German forced further divided the Papal army. Despite the hammer blows of Naples and the Germans, the Papal armies continued to hold in a desperate siege around Rome, fighting on against the invaders.
Casualty Lists
Austria: 14 Infantry Brigades, 4 Cavalry Brigades, 4 Artillery Brigades, 2 Early Destroyers, 1 Early Light Cruiser (+1 Army Quality, +1 Navy Quality)
Brandenburg: 22 Infantry Brigades, 4 Artillery Brigades, 2 M1 "Washington" Brigades
Naples: 10 Conscript Brigades, 26 Infantry Brigades, 1 Forze Speciali Brigade, 5 Cavalry Brigades, 8 Artillery Brigades
Papal States: 3 Conscript Brigades, 44 Infantry Brigades, 19 Artillery Brigades, 6 Early Destroyers, 2 Early Light Cruisers (+1 Army Quality)
SPAIN CREATES HONOR DE ESPANA FOR GREAT WAR VETERANS. Madrid, Spain. The Great War has gone but its legacy remains among the hundreds of thousands who fought in it. In order to honor the greatest Spanish heroes of the war, the Spanish government has created the new Honor de Espana as an honor for the most heroic feats. In a gala ceremony over three dozen particularly bold and heroic Spanish soldiers were awarded the Honor de Espana by Emperor Philip X, who lauded them for their bravery in battle. In addition to the three dozen medals given to living combatants, nearly one hundred other medals were distributed posthumously to other soldiers' families, honoring the greatest sacrifice one could give for the Spanish Empire. King Philip X has pledged to help the nation recover from the losses of the Great War and has maintained that despite appearances, the Treaty of Madrid was indeed a peace with honor.
ITALIAN REFERENDUM GIVES UNSETTLING RESULTS. Genoa, Italian Republic. Due to the Friedman Proposal and significant influence from the League of Continental Nations, the Italian Republic held referendums this year to determine the will of the people. The referendums were conducted to see if the people of Milan and Tuscany truly wished to become a part of a unified Italian state. Unsurprisingly, the majority of people voted with an overwhelming yes to the unification of the Italian people. Unfortunately for Genoa, nearly half of the voting populace stated that they would prefer Neapolitan rule to the Republic. It has been frequently argued that the Genoese struck easy targets while Naples was engaged in the fight for Italian nationalism long before them. Furthermore, conservatives have stated that the Italian people would be more secure and safe with an Italian monarchy rather than the turmoil and chaos that a republic brings.
DUTCH UNITY CONSIDERED IN NETHERLANDS AND FLANDERS. Brussels, Flanders. As efforts to build ties between the Netherlands and Flanders grew over the past few years, some have proposed the idea that a unified Dutch state could be established. The idea has gained the most popularity in the Netherlands, and a referendum was held this year in both that country and Flanders to determine the ability to achieve such a unification. The Dutch populace overwhelming supported absorbing Flanders into the larger Dutch Empire, but the Flemish people were less enthusiastic. The idea has remained that the possession of a global empire could only lead to disastrous Flemish involvement in another, larger Great War. Therefore no one was surprised when the referendum failed in Flanders, as less than forty percent of the people of Flanders supported unification. This has caused some relations to sour between the two peoples, as some Flemish people have grown resentful at what they viewed as a Dutch attempt to destroy their sovereignty.
FIGHTING RESUMES IN BULGARIA. Sofia, Bulgaria. After the breakdown of negotiations between the Roman Empire and Bulgaria began last year, it was only a matter of time before the ceasefire collapsed as well. The Bulgarians and Romans resumed shooting at each other this year, as the Romans made a bid to restore their control to the rebellious region. The Romans began with a drive straight upon the Bulgarian capital of Sofia, hoping to bring an end to the rebellion with a single swift stroke. The Roman advance began well, as the Romans pushed forward, gaining some tactical surprise. The Bulgarians soon responded, bringing more troops west, as well as launching a minor offensive of their own. Despite initial Roman gains, the advance was brought to a standstill by determined Bulgarian resistance. The fighting has remained heavy along the front, but it appears that the Bulgarians are not giving up ground. The failure of negotiations throughout the year has kept the fighting intense as they struggle for control for Sofia's vital supply lines.
Casualty Lists
Bulgaria: 17 Conscript Brigades, 10 Infantry Brigades, 1 Cavalry Brigade, 3 Artillery Brigades
Roman Empire: 38 Conscript Brigades, 11 Infantry Brigades, 5 Artillery Brigades
Aftermath of the fighting for Sofia
COUP FAILS IN THE ROMAN EMPIRE. Athens, Roman Empire. The Roman government came under attack once more internally, as those opposed to the continuation of the wars against Opsikion and Bulgaria attempted to depose the Imperator. Members of the military launched a bid to control Athens, hoping to overrun the Praetorian Guard and establish a new regime controlling the Greek people. The Imperator caught wind the effort, and managed to mobilize the Guard and other forces, including gaining the support of the navy. The fighting has raged onward around Athens, as the rebellious military forces attempted to defeat the elite troops of the Praetorians. As the fires of the fighting died, it became clear that the Roman Imperator remains firm, pledging to restore unity and strength to the Roman Empire. Unfortunately, none of the ring leaders of the revolt were caught, and they remain at large throughout the empire, threatening further destabilization and unrest. (-11 Infantry Brigades, -1 Praetorian Guard Brigade, -2 Artillery Brigades, -23 Manpower)
CONFEDERATION ELECTIONS HELD. Paris, Franco-Burgundian Confederation. As promised to the Franco-Burgundian electorate, the government of the Confederation launched elections this year, which proved to be fairly chaotic. With the defeat of the Great War resting upon the shoulders of the conservative government, the time seemed ripe for a major shift in the policies of the government. Despite the growing Germanic unrest in Burgundy, protesting the exclusion of the German Brotherhood from the elections, the elections seemed to be fairly straight forward. The liberal Septembrists have won overwhelmingly against any leaders of the Party of Order who had been previously elected. The shift was followed as various monarchs appointed liberal supporters to diversify their own holdings and prevent any further liberal backlash against them. Unfortunately, the stability gained by the elections has been countered as the German Brotherhood continues a vicious campaign against the French in the Confederation, causing the lowest voter turnout amount the German population in years.
CONFEDERATION PASSES REFORM IN SWITZERLAND. Geneva, Franco-Burgundian Confederation. After the resounding victory of the Septembrists in the elections held throughout the Franco-Burgundian Confederation this year, the first result has been reform for the Swiss. The Swiss, who have long been agitating for independence and autonomy, have received some of their wish with a reform establishing the Swiss territories as a republic within the Confederation, much like Orleans. The reform was passed by the leaders of the Confederation and sent to the Swiss people in a referendum for finalized passing. Though it seems the Swiss still desire independence, they have chosen not to view a gift horse in the mouth. They have passed the referendum and Switzerland has been separated from the direct realms of Paris and Burgundy, establishing a new section of the Confederation's elected rulers. (+1 Stability)
RUSSIAN MIGRANTS MOVE EN MASSE TO SCANDINAVIA, VIOLENCE ERUPTS WITH FINNS. Helsinki, Scandinavia. Due to the raging wildfires further south and the disruption caused by the Great War, a large number of Russian settlers have headed west to find a new life in Finland. They have come across the borders in large numbers and have mostly settled in the slums of the larger Finnish cities, looking for work. Most of the Russians are uneducated farmers and serfs from off the fields of the massive farms of the Russian countryside, and possess few qualifications beyond typical unskilled labor. Though some have found work in the factories, the growing amount of cheap labor has threatened to put the local Finnish inhabitants out of work. The Finns have done their best to halt this flow of labor from the east, but have fallen short with a large water and land border from which the Russians have crossed. The anger has turned to violence as the Finnish population attacked the slums in vicious attacks upon the Russian minority. The Russians have occasionally countered, and a number of Finns have been murdered, with the deaths being blamed on the growing Russian migrant population. (-1 Stability)
SERBIA BEGINS UNIFIED RAILROAD WORK. Belgrade, Serbia. King Stephan III of Serbia symbolically pounded down the first rail of the newly established Serbian National Railroad this year. The railroad has been planned since a little before the eruption of the Great War, and has only begun production with the end of the conflict late in the year. The Serbian government has pledged significant finances to this program, to get more Serbs back to work in the postwar economy. The efforts have been made to modernize existing railroads, particularly the Serbian stretch of the rails of the Orient Express. The railroad work is expected to take two to three years, depending on the amount of funds and material available for construction. The effects have begun being felt across the nation as the first full stretches of railway between urban centers have been completed as early as this December.
CORSICA AND SARDINIA SIGN DEFENSE PACT. Ajaccio, Corsica. The League of Continental Nations this year, in one of their least contested votes, agreed to guarantee the independence of both islands of Corsica and Sardinia from any unified Italian state. The sole exception to the agreement has been if the people of Sardinia or Corsica choose to become part of any unified state, regardless of the will of the government. The grand announcement of the League was followed by negotiations between the kings of Sardinia and Corsica, and has led to a strong defensive agreement between the two nations. The opposition towards the Friedman Proposal and any form of Italian unification constantly stated by Sardinia has been echoed by the king of Corsica, and the alliance has been viewed as a natural progression. The two similar states have therefore pledged to defend each other if one is attacked by an outside invader.
SARDINIA HOLDS FIRST ELECTIONS. Cagliari, Sardinia. King Matteo greeted jubilant crowds from the Royal Palace in Cagliari this year, announcing the commencement of Sardinia's first national elections for a newly formed Parliament. The king offered his own personal support and finances to a conservative and nationalistic group known as the King's Honor Party. This particular party has pledged to maintain Sardinia's independence and its fledgling commercial and political empire in the Mediterranean Sea against any possible threat. King Matteo's growing popularity, despite the negative outcome of the Great War, has enabled an immense outpouring of support for his new political party's cause. A variety of other political movements popped up before elections were held, but none managed to truly capture the strength or wealth of the King's Honor Party. Therefore, the elections have gone solely to the conservatives, as a new, democratic, dawn breaks over the Sardinian political system. (+1 Stability)
REFORM SHAKES AUSTRIA. Vienna, Austria. In the wake of the signing of the Potsdam Accords, Austria has found itself playing catch up politically to Brandenburg. This has come in the manner of a series of political reforms as the monarchy reluctantly turns over the majority of power to an elected government. This has led to massive outrage among the Catholic aristocracy who greatly resent the resulting influence and extreme hatred towards the Brandenburgers for rocking their government. They have since assembled a party dramatically opposing the Potsdam Accords, and rallying around a base of support for the Catholic Church and the conservative values of the nation, creating the United Cross Party. Meanwhile, the liberals have embraced the reform and begun calling for even greater social reform along the lines that Pomerania has created, establishing the National Democratic Party. Despite the force behind these unified movements, neither was able to achieve more than 30% of the electorate. This has led to a very uncomfortable coalition between the two largest parties, as they work together to resist the unsettling amounts of socialists and nationalists who have gained seats, particularly in the Swiss province and Bohemia. (-1 Stability)
SCANDINAVIANS WITHDRAW FROM DENMARK. Malmo, Scandinavia. The Scandinavian Expeditionary Force in Denmark was withdrawn this year as the Danes requested their return. The end of the Great War last year, brought an end to the need of Scandinavian forces to continue to serve in defense of the peninsula. The Danes were quick to ask Scandinavia to withdraw its army, not wanting to undergo any further violations of its national sovereignty or political status. The Danish government has assured the population that the king will lead an even greater army than Denmark possessed before the war within the next five years. The Scandinavians, though reluctant to give up their defensive bulwark, have withdrawn and returned to their home soil. The Scandinavian army has since been redistributed, allowing the Danes to be in a position to fend for themselves against any outside threat.
DUTCH ANNOUNCE MASSIVE SOCIAL REFORM. Amsterdam, Netherlands. After last year's democratic upset in the Dutch elections, substantial reforms have been announced. These reforms are predominantly social in nature, pledging to help transform the Netherlands into an enlightened nation of the twentieth century. Following the lead of Pomerania's reforms created before and during the Great War, the Netherlands has pledged to provide nationalized health care and secure pensions to those too old to work. A substantial amount of funding was provided to set up the required bureaucracy and payments to start the program this year, allowing for full funding and first healthcare benefits to go into effect as of January 1, 1909. The Dutch opposition parties have loudly denounced these programs, claiming them to be anti-business in nature and overwhelming government expense. Conservative members of the legislature have vowed to fight their hardest to overturn these policies in favor of more rational defensive and imperial spending. Regardless, the majority of the Dutch population is grateful for the new government's care for their needs and have come out in droves to support the policies. (+2 Stability)
NETHERLANDS PROCLAIMS NEUTRALITY. Amsterdam, Netherlands. The election of a social proletarist government in the Netherlands has led to more than reform at home. The Netherlands, with the support of numerous foreign governments, has proclaimed full international neutrality, stating its intent to stay out of foreign conflicts and wars. The policy is a cornerstone to the program, but it is uncertain how it relates to the mostly defunct Triple Alliance. The withdrawal of Denmark from the Triple Alliance has been seen as one of the first nails in the coffin of that old agreement. While the proclamation of neutrality has not specifically voided the alliance between the Netherlands and the Franco-Burgundian Confederation, some within the Dutch government believe that they are no longer obligated to respond to any war that the Confederation may find itself in. The international community overall has been seen to be fairly pleased with the Dutch proclamation, as the Dutch city of Antwerp becomes the headquarters of the peace-centered League of Continental Nations. (+1 Stability)
THE IRISH ACCORDS. London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Irish nationalists have celebrated a victory of sorts with the establishment of the Irish Accords this year by an act of Parliament. The British government has declared the establishment of the Congress of Ireland, to be established as the domestic ruler of the Irish island out of Belfast. The new Congress consists solely of the Irish ministers to the British Parliament, and the size of the Parliament and amount of Irish seats has been correspondingly increased. The Irish have been granted substantial rights of self-rule domestically, and the reform has been widely embraced by the leaders of previous Irish nationalist movements. Though some of the more aggressive Irish nationalists have rebuked the treaty as a surrender to the British the more politically astute recognize the major concession the British have made, though they have disallowed the discussion of the possibility of full Irish independence. (+1 Stability)
DEATH OF THE EMPEROR OF RUSSIA. Moscow, Russia. After less than five years of rule, Emperor Nicholas passed away this year, after assuming rule from his father in 1904. The cause of death was natural, and Nicholas has been viewed as a hero due to the nature of his tenure as the emperor. Under his rule, the Russian Empire has grown to its greatest height, fighting on in the Great War even after most of its allies abandoned it. Emperor Nicholas' armies crushed the old enemies of Poland and Hungary, as well as gaining vengeance upon Georgia for past crimes. Unfortunately, the emperor would die before the final treaties were signed and before his greatest triumph as Russia's monarch. His younger brother has been crowned Emperor Mikhail, and has assumed the throne, finalizing the treaties which have secured Russia's impending greatness as a power. Mikhail is known to be substantially less reactionary than his older brother, and has proven more popular for his service in the war on the Dniester Front as well as among the population. Few truly oppose him as the heir or the new monarch and welcome a change of pace for the government. (+1 Stability.)
A photograph of Emperor Nicholas in his youth