Rome: Warrior rush Fred to prevent Archers/Axes, hit Louis next, roll on Alex with Axes or Praets quick-ish before he stacks up, ideally as he walks off to expand somewhere. Kill Izzy, Liz and Cathy at your leisure, do whatever you want with your immense land. Feels unstoppable.
Greece: Alex's traits are PERFECT for this map. AGG warriors with non-AGG neighbors, PHI lets you GS spam back into the tech race after wrecking your economy. Kill Rome first to prevent him stealing your copper, roll over all nearby with AGG Axes if they manage to survive AGG+Barracks Warrior spam, which they really shouldn't
Persia: Amazingly hammer-strong capitol (I usually settle on the wine to get a lighthouse for the clam), anti-archer chariot unit with easy horse access, two weak targets close-ish in Hatty and Asoka, IMP with tons of natural hammers, excellent cottage land in Mesopotamia and India. The map is a turkey-shoot for Cyrus, the only issue is managing the sprawl of the empire and taking down Saladin in a timely fashion before he stacks like 8 triple promo Archers in each of his hill cities. As Hatty is weak and Asoka is slowed immensely by jungle (and worker steals
) I usually get him dead ASAP.
Germany: Settle south of SIP to more efficiently use land. Guaranteed Copper and you can also just Archer rush with Hunting start. Cathy and JC tend to expand right up to you leaving you with easy targets, Louis, Izzy and Liz are always soft and can be cleaned up later. Alex is the only problem if he gets to stacking before you arrive, so either hit him ASAP or last when you've amassed cities and Axes and he can't stop you anyway. ORG+PHI is another great trait combo for managing the sprawl and staying ahead in tech.
China: you start on top of Genghis with better land than him and guaranteed horses even if you move Beijing to the coast; he's easily dead and out of your hair before he becomes a problem. Or you could expand to block him from coming South, wait and do the Cho-ko thing if you care to. You are surrounded by by some of the richest land on the map and nearly every resource you could want with almost no contention including Copper and Marble, and access to Silk, Incense, Sugar and Banana that are usually semi-monopolized. Managing empire sprawl and barbs is Qin's biggest challenge. Oh, and you can have a bit of fun beating back Toku's pathetic colonization attempts or racing Asoka for Indochina that you don't really need.
Russia: Cathy is in a very dominant position from the start like Qin, with tons of uncontested land to use. She has guaranteed horse and CRE/IMP means you'll ALWAYS be able to beat Freddy to Scandinavia if you don't just chariot him to death right away. You don't even need to attack Eastern Europe and can just win the settling war with Cyrus/Freddy and just crush the map later. Barbs are a bit more of an issue as you'll be taking the whole brunt of them for a while with tundra that wont be settled for a long time North and NW,, and it's easy to over expand quickly with IMP, though CRE libraries help with staying alive in tech. Still, the guaranteed land advantage is sick.
Spain: DO NOT SIP, move Madrid to a spot further W or NW so you can backfill cities on Iberia. Settling 1NW is ideal for the long-term, 1W gives PH settle and Horses in the BFC if you need them before 100culture/2nd city; both spots block 2nd cities from France/Rome between you. Kill Rome first before he gets out of hand, then chew your way through Germany and France, using chariots to stay on top of them (Freddy has Copper!) with the longer travel times. Alex will have to wait, and Cathy's further away/has more chance to settle into Scandinavia, so this one's tougher. However, Spain's Curiasser UU is ungodly awesome on what amounts to a massive Pangaea, and you can
wreck the old world in exchange for a tougher early game.
France: Largely the same for the European civs. Warrior rushing Freddy for his copper is the soundest way forward and this secures Axes and clips him out of taking Scandinavia. Rome is also a high priority target like always. Your starting land is incredible and you have horse. I only put Louis below Izzy because she gets more mileage out of Conqs moving forward and she gains more from killing Louis than the other way around, even if Louis' traits and techs are better.
England: GLH, mostly playing passively is the easy way. Nobody can really threaten you until Astro and you can spam GPs and wonders. I've won cultural multiple times with her, never being attacked, and also gone for a more aggressive campaign of killing Louis (mostly to alleviate cultural pressure) and settling Scandinavia quickly out to ~12 cities and Cuir attacking the whole map too. That's more of a slog but it's satisfying!
Egypt: Hatty has the epic War Chariot that can overcome Saladin's PRO hill city archer crap and Mansa Skirms with guaranteed horse, amazing cottage land for up to 4 cities without even contesting land, and controls access to an entire continent through her position near the Suez with only 2 weak rivals nearby. However, her starting hammers are weak, so you need to get a lot done quickly while opponents are still vulnerable enough to steal their better hammer-rich spots. Also, the rest of Africa outside of her immediate starting area is mediocre or jungled, meaning she hits a wall soon and slower development into the late game. Killing Cyrus first is paramount, as he's one of the more successful AIs on this map and will expand like crazy into all the good spots if you can't check him. After that you can kill off Saladin while blocking Cathy/Alex from coming into Mesopotamia, and then kill Asoka/Mansa and fill out your immense holdings at your leisure. Barbs are less of an issue with CRE pushing borders + War Chariots.
Aztec: All the New World civs play similar in some regard, mostly isolated for much of the game and tons of land to take, usually leading to a position behind in tech but far ahead in landpower when you finally meet the other supercontinent. Monty and Rosie have each other to deal with, at the very least. Monty's capitol is freaking INCREDIBLE, especially founded anywhere N of SIP (I like 2N for the massive hammer potential). It's stupid easy to just plop down city 2 on the stone and even beat some of the notorious wonder spammers in the old world (Louis, Qin, Hatty, Cyrus) to things like Stonehenge or Great Wall, both very useful for the sheer amount of cities available to put out there. It's also possible to go to the coast and snag GLH/Colossus just like you would if playing Rosie, who you can pretty much kill at your leisure as he's a total weenie. If you want to kill him fast though AGG warriors and then Jaguars make it easy, but I'd snag some free workers first.
America: Well, on the flip side of things, Monty is more of a problem. Even if you do avoid the likely aggression (possible through city gifting or if he grabs a religion), he expands voraciously up the great plains and blocks off the West to you. I usually just warrior choke him while building GLH as Rosie, with an eye on Colossus as well. I have also managed to grab Mids too, which is likewise very handy in what amounts to isolation. Then just pick up Copper and end him, settle out the continent, etc.
Mongolia: Your success depends heavily on how you can deal with Qin; killing him is the best option, which can be achieved with AGG warriors or Chariots (guaranteed horse for Genghis), which leads to a very China-like game. It's also possible to just rush him for control of Korea/NE China and force him South, then expand West yourself along the fertile Angara and Yenisei river valleys until you reach Russia/Persia who like to expand up Northward just East of the Urals, leaving you with a spread out empire but enough land to make a later push....this leaves the problem of still a relatively strong China right next door if you ignore him though.
Arabia: Similar to other members in this parts of the world, kill Cyrus early for his hammer-rich land and to secure the cottage lands in Mesopotamia for yourself. Hatty and Asoka remain weak so you can take them afterward. This is a bit tougher though as Saladin only really has a good cap and a decent second city to the South in terms of production, his techs suck and slow him down even more as you need to go fishing, Mining and AH, and Immortals are technically superior (getting defensive boni) to the best you can muster early, the Chariot. You also have to deal with Hatty early enough to prevent her War Chariots from coming out or she'll be a lot harder to bully without starting with the boon of Cyrus' fantastic hammer-filled land to just push her over like he does.
India: Extremely dependent on taking Cyrus ASAP. No early strategic resource, lacking hammers and tons of jungle, the most powerful AI on the map (Qin) on one side and another of the strongest and most expansionist on the other (Cyrus) who will quickly close in and pressure for land with his IMP trait + high natural hammers. Even with Fast Workers and decent traits/techs Asoka is in a pickle if you can't get something done. Straight up warrior rushing Cyrus is the best bet, though if you can't get it done I suppose there is also the option of settling ASAP to steal Cyrus' horse (won't work on Deity, I'm sure, as he'll block you at the Indus as his 3rd city) or blocking the Indus yourself to Cyrus, keeping Qin from coming across the Brahmaputra, and then sitting back and waiting for Elepult. Once you take Cyrus though, it's smooth sailing and general Africa/Middle-East civ play. TBH I've always just hinged on killing him and never played out a game another way with India.
Inca: Largely alone, weak and smaller land than just about everybody except Saladin and Mansa, and with the nearest land for the taking over the Andes almost completely jungled and quite resource sparse, Huayna has difficulties gaining momentum for a long time. GLH + an exploring workboat is your best friend here, I'd argue nearly essential for him as your greatest commerce source for a long time will be coastal trade with America/Aztec and working FIN coast tiles (Colossus is good too, but difficult to swing before someone else). After that settle what you can along your coast, pick up the Copper to be had, and then land to push in around the Andes. I have more success landing on the Chilean coast and using the natural choke with the mountains to resist the barb rush until I can build up enough defenders to push into the continent; the land is also more immediately improvable on the southern side of the continent. Then it's a game of rapidly expanding along the North and East coasts to keep colonizers out and then developing all that jungle. It's a lot more difficult that playing Aztec/America, and boring too, but you can eventually develop into a powerhouse nation for Space or post-Renaissance war.
Japan: GLH + Island expansion is the name of the game here. The reason I find Japan to be so difficult is that he lacks powerful production spots outside of southern Honshu until you get all the way to Australia (well, Indonesia is okay when it's eventually fully developed), and that many civs will be contesting you for islands. I recommend acity near Malaysia that you can gate the area with until you are ready to expand yourself. Like Hatty he has a strong start but quickly peters out. The difference is your nearest neighbor is separated by sea and very strong, making it difficult to do anything to him. The internet was quite important I remember too in keeping up in the space race once your tech rate plateaus, and it's a long time to build the spaceship with only like 2-3 good hammer spots. You CAN play a more aggressive style and attack Qin, I have pulled it off, but then you just have to deal with GK in your face and India being unchecked in expansion through the South
Mali: Quite simply the most difficult. Mansa is hard mode. Rush to skirms, steal some workers off Hatty and build roads back across the desert, mass up and hit her. Once she's dead you have all of Africa to develop, which takes quite awhile and you'll be behind even with the great inital cottage potential of your respective capitol areas.. The first few times I did this I did a Cav attack and then Modern War with Tanks + spies, actually lost to Russia's spacerace once.