That's well put.
Next, in Buddhism comes the Noble Eightfold Path, I suppose. (And I'd be interested to see what you have to say about it, Duckstab.)
It's funny, because when I first came to Buddhism, my first impression was - "boy, there are a lot of lists in this religion!"
The Eightfold Path is really just an elaboration of the 4th Noble Truth. It breaks down into:
1) Right View - seeing things as they really are
2) Right Intention - having a desire to be liberated
3) Right Speech - abandoning harmful speech such as lying, insults, malicious gossip, etc.
4) Right Action - abandoning causing harm to living beings, stealing, sexual misconduct, intoxication
5) Right Livelihood - making your living doing something that doesn't tend to harm others. Specifically highlighted as occupations which Buddhists should avoid are selling weapons, poisons, and intoxicants; being involved in the production or sale of meat; and trading in living beings (e.g., selling/buying slaves or operating a brothel).
6) Right Effort - making a sincere and diligent effort on the spiritual path
7) Right Mindfulness - This is somewhat different from the sense in which "mindfulness" is usually used today. It really means keeping in mind all the other parts of the path so you don't lapse into harmful behavior.
8) Right Meditation - Having a meditation practice.
Some people get put off by the adjective "Right", because it comes across as a bit moralistic, as if everything else were "Wrong". I think some recent translators prefer to use a word like "Appropriate". "Right Livelihood" doesn't mean, for example, that all bartenders are going to hell for selling intoxicants, rather it means that, if you're a bartender you might want to consider how you might be enabling others to abuse alcohol and how that hinders your own spiritual progress.
And doesn't that mean vegetarianism? Isn't vegetarianism a fairly important part of being Buddhist?
Many Buddhists are vegetarian, particularly in the West. But many are not and it surprises many people to learn that the Buddha's own position on it was rather more nuanced.
What he was doing was building a monastic order, and he apparently thought it very important that his followers had daily contact with the lay people in the surrounding community. So his monks obtained all their food on daily alms rounds. Many Buddhist monks follow this practice even today. They're not allowed to store food from day to day and they're expected to eat whatever is offered to them. If that happens to be meat, they eat meat. By that time, any harm to the animal is done.
I've pretty much adopted this approach myself. If some meat ends up on my plate I don't turn up my nose at it. But I try to eat as low on the food chain as is practical.
However, there are some things that even lay Buddhists definitely aren't supposed to do, like order something in a restaurant that is killed and cooked to order. No lobster for me!