Introduction
As told in the end of the previous chapter, for the first time in more than two centuries, the French nation was in complete peace, removing the immense burden of the war effort from the shoulders of its people. The Franco-Italian Settlement for Peace, a.k.a. Treaty of Marseilles, ended one of the longest wars in European history, with a sad result of status quo ante bellum for both countries. But French businessmen and Italian politicians had greater priorities at the time, and the expensive and fruitless war was abruptly ended.
The militarist outrage at the time of the peace was noisy, but never posed any threat to the governments stability. But the efforts of militarist hawks in the French Parliament resulted in ever-lasting large budgets to the armed forces, and to efforts to develop newer and innovative weapons.
Henri Matisse, a (mainly posthumous) famed painter from Besançon, became very known after his works depicting the idyllic and healthy way of life in the countryside of the French Germany (Régions of Lotharingia), strengthening the local culture while promoting cultural integration within French art and culture circles; A boom of Germanism developed quickly in French cultural scene, with more and more people being interested to know about the eastern possessions of their country and even become attracted enough to get out of the enlarging French cities to live a life of dreams in placid Lotharingian towns. French government officers stimulated these migrations, badly needed to fully assert French domination of these areas.
The development of steam-powered engines by French engineers at the Antoine Lavoisier Academy of Sciences marked, for many historians, the beginning of the French Industrial Age. This was a critical development for France, as the nation could keep up with its powerful neighbors and retain its place in Europe.
Part of a French contemporary map. Note the far enlarged French cities and towns, and the extensive development at the Lotharingian Régions (Alsace, Lorraine, Rhenanie, Bavière, Saxe, Pomeranie).
At the eve of the XIX Century, a new diplomatic tool (for some, a diplomatic weapon) was developed; International Congresses were periodically held to discuss peace, commerce and political issues among the involved nations. Ultimately, the most important issues were about displaced peoples and orphaned communities, which always motivated serious discussions about land transfers, peacefully sanctioned by each Congress. The French Republic had no land interests at the time, so it preferred to maintain good relations with the other countries; but fierce discussions sometimes ended with polemic land transfers in grounds of Historical Legitimacy or Peoples liberation
As example, here was the map of Eastern Prussia, after the transfer of the important city of Kauen back to Swedish hands. It was under German administration since the restoration of the German monarchy in Austria, having flip voluntarily just after the crowning of the Kaiser. Now, as a mere County of the Great Britain, Germany could not even protest.
Good or not, it was relieving to French authorities in charge of the Pomeranie, now under better French control.
Started in America, in filthy Incan tenements, a new wave of mutated smallpox (The Mesoamerican Smallpox) swept quickly the American lands before jumping into many Eurasian places simultaneously, making truly beach-heads for the invasion of the continent. The disease was markedly deadly at its beginning, killing thousands where it ravaged; but in later years it evolved to a milder, painful but not deadly form, difficult to fully eradicate. The disease remained a danger until the late 1820s, most for its later milder type.
The growing French cities suffered heavily from the pest, as there were ideal conditions for its spreading people died in thousands at the crowded poor districts in Besançon, Francfort, Marseiile, and other cities. But public health efforts were better organized this time, and the smallpox didnt thrive as much as in earlier plagues.