Cool.
The early history of the Tusci, or Etruscans -
Rasna in their own language - is shrouded in myth. Later writers would claim that they were descended from wolves, migrated from the great Indo-European Steppe, emigrated from Lydia, or even were placed there mysteriously by great gods as white as the driven snow. Whatever the cause, these people were flourishing in north-central Italy with their own unique religion and government around 3000 BC and later. They had some contact with Hellenic civilization before their move into Italy, as could be seen through their repeated depictions of Greek heroes and adoption of some of the Hellenic gods, but the main influences on the Etruscans were from the Middle East, whence they acquired their tradition of haruspicy and some of their physical characteristics.
The Aisar
Etruscan religion soon evolved from their original animistic beliefs to a more concrete and developed polytheistic pantheon. The Etruscans' word for 'god' was "
ais". The average
ais lived in a sacred spot, a
fanu, and upon many of these a temple,
favi, was built.
Flerchva, or offerings, would be made at these spots in order to seek the favor of the
aisar. Some of these
aisar were most definitely Greek in origin, viz.
Aritimi (Artemis),
Pacha (Dionysos), and
Menrva (Athene). This last formed a heavenly triumvirate with
Tinia, god of the sky and of time, and
Uni, wife of Tinia and patroness of Perusia.
Hercle, another Hellenic-inspired deity (deriving from Herakles), was the son of Tinia and Uni. Fertility deities were important to the Etruscans, who worshiped not only
Fufluns (mainly in the vicinity of Populonia) but also
Maris and
Cel, the latter of which was the typical Earth Goddess.
Catha, the Sun, and
Tivr, the Moon, flew overhead. Other deities include
Selvans, god of boundaries and woodlands;
Nethuns, ruler of springs and fountains and other water sources; and
Laran, god of War and husband of
Turan, goddess of love and vitality. The Underworld was ruled by
Aita, a Hades analogue and also the name of the Underworld itself, and his wife,
Phersipnei. The Etruscan view of the afterlife and death was particularly large-looming in their lives; like those who lived along the Nile, they believed that their experiences after death were based off of the richness of their tombs. Thus, typical
Rasna would commission fine, realistic statuary depicting the deceased in his or her prime, and would build tombs far more luxurious than their houses. Most Etruscans would never dare to violate a tomb and so doom a person in his or her afterlife, although there were exceptions. In that case, the keepers of the sacred things, or
cechase, would look after tombs in addition to their priestly duties. Generally
Rasna were a pretty pious lot, though - what many would call superstitious - consulting the gods for many small details. At each public event, a
netsvis (lit. an augur) or the female version, the
nethsra, who would, in typical haruspical tradition, read the bumps on the liver of a sacrificed sheep. In order to tell what meant what, a special bronze liver was created that depicted the proper interpretations. In addition to normal work, each man belonged to a sacred society, or
alumnathe.
Economy, Society, and Seeing Dead People
The tomb cities one could find in Etruscan civilization were far too expensive for subsistence farmers, and indeed commerce did exist between the Etruscans and other Mediterranean civilizations, viz. North Africa, Tartessos, Hellas, Phoenicia, Egypt, and even the inhabitants of Palestine. (OOC: Need more detail, Isry: are you the Jews or what?) The trade that enriched the
Rasna fell into the hands of a privileged few; these families, or
lautn, soon became an established aristocracy. Even though the emphasis of the
lautn was on a monogamous pair relationship, for some reason many other Mediterranean peoples believed the Etruscans to be promiscuous and to have low morals; the Greeks of Megale Hellas especially portrayed Etruscan women as rather whorish. Naturally, this has no basis in reality, and the Greeks were probably just jealous of Etruscan high moral standards. [1] The family also had a strong influence on the name; surnames were introduced soon after the establishment of the aristocracy, and were added to the
praenomen and patronymic that were already in existence. Naming conventions, though, reflected the basic tenet that Etruscan society was patrilineal. This is the only known double standard applied to the usual Etruscan egalitarianism that was shown in their legal system, which normally allowed equal protection for all under the law (naturally, the aristocracy had some advantages inherent in the amount of money they controlled but little else; there were no intrinsic benefits to being a member of the aristocracy without also having the money that such a position entailed).
Governmentally, the Etruscans were far ahead of the rest of the Italic peoples in establishing a state society. This had some vestiges of the tribal system, which were reflected in city laws and the like, but the disparate Etruscan city-states (
methlum) were grouped into a federation with the central government in command of the entire
mech, or people. Individual governments on the
methlum level had many magistrates, quite a few of which carried out
favi religious functions; indeed, most of the Etruscans subscribed to a kind of theocracy, with the religious aspect of life always affecting the government's policies, primarily in the direct influence of the
cechase but also in the constant consideration of haruspicy when making a decision. Each
methlum had 11 partners in a league, the word for which was also
mech, and these leagues met at the odd nearby
fanu to make league-wide decisions of a military and political nature. Each
methlum sent representatives which elected a league-wide ruler, or
lucumo, for the duration of one year.
and...orders
I suppose we're supposed to post orders in-thread, so I guess the
Rasna should just inhabit and control the areas that they normally would, and develop along the lines they did in OTL, most of which have been shown above. Territorial expansion should also be confined to OTL.
[1] = That, and our wine-soaked orgies beat the tar out of theirs...
