Modern Political Ideologies (3rd ed) by Andrew Vincent. Covers liberalism, conservatism, socialism, anarchism, fascism, feminism, ecologism, nationalism, and fundamentalism. Still not sure what the grand principle of conservatism is, other than the hackneyed platitude "If it ain't broke, then don't fix it". It's interesting seeing an ideology rail against classical liberals then later go on to claim classical liberal ideology as its own.
The reason many conservatives, and many libertarians too, particularly those 'libertarians' who are actually conservatives but don't want to own up to the fact for various reasons lay claim to the title of 'classical liberals' is that they are playing a public relations game. It's called branding. They try to control the debate by controlling the terms of the debate. And to do that they brand themselves as one thing, and their opponents as another thing. And then try to use the association of the thing that they are branded as, and that their opponents are branded as, as a means of influencing people. Particularly those people who have limited understanding of the subject, but have an emotional connection/response with the brands in question.
In this case, they are tying to make the case that they are the heirs of the Founding Fathers, and that progressives are not. This doesn't hold up to scrutiny. But it can hold up well enough to influence some of the ignorant. The term used in political economics, 'neoliberal' serves the same purpose. Modern conservatives, and the 'libertarians' who are also modern conservatives, except won't admit the fact, lay claim to 'classical liberal' because they want to make an association between themselves and a group that is popularly, that is ignorantly, seen as anti-government/anti-tax. The problem with that is, the more you know, the more that that characterization isn't a fair or accurate one when applied to the actual Enlightenment era classical liberals. Those people weren't against government per se, they were against arbitrary and unrepresentative government. They weren't against taxes per se, they were against taxation without representation.
And, most importantly, the classical liberals of the Age of Enlightenment were about, you know, enlightenment. It was about rationality. It was about finding the facts of the real world. No Enlightenment classical liberal would think, for example, that man made climate change was not a real thing. Because to do so is utterly irrational.