But hey, I don't want to hijack your thread, so I'll ask a question:
how do children in Turkey learn about history? I mean things like Byzantine Empire, 1453 fall of Constantinople, invasions to Europe, Siege of Vienna, occupation of Hungary and the Balkan nations etc.?
I'd like to know what kind of feeling they got from that - I mean, are they proud of that, or is it described in a negative way?
(edit: I ask that because perhaps the first time I heard about Turkey was when I saw some fairy-tale in TV, where Turks were the evil enemies of a good king

I don't remember how we were teached about that, but I think the feeling we got from that lessons was "those evil invaders, good that we defeated them!" - no offence, of course)
Mostly it is Veni, vidi, vici.
I might not remember exactly, it was a long time ago, and I didn't keep history I learned as a child in a different part of my brain.
One thing I can say for sure is that it doesn't try to make you hate anybody, except perhaps the last few decades of Ottoman administration.
Traditional enemies like Byzantines are never portrayed as evil, as they often helped Seljuks (against crusades) and early Ottomans (against other Byzantines, and other Turks). As a general rule, nobody is vilified, except maybe the Ottoman administration in its last decade. And Arabs a little bit (thanks to Lawrence).
1453's importance is emphasized a lot, how it is the official end of medieval era, how scholars and artists fleeing the city sparked off renaissance, and other stuff. Also how Mehmed didn't kill people, and preserved all churches except the big one.
For all conquests, the attitude is this: As long as they are fighting, they are dead. Once they stop fighting, they are welcomed as citizens of the Empire, and have freedom of religion, travel, etc. Like Roman Empire I guess.
Vienna is veni, vidi, no vici...twice
Balkan nations were an integral part of the empire until "the stupid French discovered freedom and equality, sparking national movements everywhere". This is one trend I don't like in children's history, if something bad happened it is not our fault. I learned later that the main reason was the decentralization of the empire, which paved the road for local governors to be as cruel as they want. In good old times, they would be beheaded if they were cruel to people the way they were in 19th century.
One common trend is to emphasize the influence of western powers on independence movements in the Empire. As if the balkan countries were very happy in 19th century, suddenly Brits told them to revolt and they obliged

. So Balkan countries aren't in too much negative light for their independence wars.
The general trend is proud (I think this is true for every country). No matter if we won or lost a battle, we must have fought valiantly, etc. Good things are emphasized, while bad things get mentioned briefly. For example, 19th century focuses on westernization attempts, first attempt at parliamentary monarchy, additional rights given to non-muslim minorities in 1839 and 1856, Napoleon, wars with Russia; while in truth the empire was crumbling to pieces.
I think all countries emphasize good things in their history in school.
Another trend is excluding all horror stories, so that children don't learn to hate. Places like Crete, Crimea, Caucasus, Balkans, Izmir and Western Anatolia and Eastern Anatolia where I later learned lots of ethnical cleansing of a few million Turks took place by Greece, Russia, Russia, Balkans, Greece, and Armenians, respectively. On the other side, we don't learn any of the Armenian or Greek sufferings either. Well, I suppose it was a regular element of 19th century warfare.
First half of 20th century is obviousy a shrine to Ataturk. And we don't get to learn after WW2, because then we would have to examine the roots of some political parties, and politics is banned in schools. That could be true in the 1990s, when some political leaders of 50s were still active, but I think the parties have changed a lot, so they should extend the books to 1983 - to include Cold War, Korea, the coups and Cyprus.
edit: For the history before Seljuks, we learn both Anatolian and Central Asian history
Hope this helps, feel free to ask if you want to know about any specific part of history.