@Owen Glyndwr:
Confusing. Why was the Hopi enclave connected by a thin string to the district in the west? Does it vote that differently?
"After the 1990 Census, the district was reconfigured to include the
Hopi Reservation on the other side of the state. This was a product of longstanding disputes between the Hopi and
Navajo. Since tribal boundary disputes are a federal matter, it was long believed inappropriate to include both tribes' reservations in the same congressional district.
[3] However, the Hopi reservation is completely surrounded by the Navajo reservation. The final map saw the Hopi reservation connected to the rest of the district by a long, narrow tendril stretching through
Coconino County. This was the only way to allow the district to remain contiguous without covering significant portions of Navajo land."
This dispute changed in 2012:
PHOENIX - As the Hopi Tribe signaled a new willingness to share representation in Washington, the Navajo Nation proposed Thursday that Arizona's new congressional districts include one with enough American Indians to elect one of their own to Congress.
The Navajo and Hopi tribes have had cool and even bitter relations, but Hopi Chairman LeRoy Shingoitewa said it makes sense for the groups to be in the same district to have more collective clout on issues of common concern.
"The concept is what is good for tribes, not just one tribe," Shingoitewa said.
https://tucson.com/news/state-and-r...cle_219a2d09-86ce-5f2a-9248-e932f6d06e1d.html
If you don't explicitly design it as bipartisan, there is a decent chance that one of the parties gets an outright majority in the commission. With a 40/40/20 R/D/I split and 13 commission members, there is a 20% chance that either party achieves that, so only a 60% chance to get a non-partisan commission. Yes it crowds out 3rd party options, but those are crowded out by the voting system, anyway. If you want to have a multi-party system you need to change the voting system, not the districting method.
Yes, I agree, which is why I supported CA-prop 11 in 2008 and support other states implementing similar measures going forward. It's also why I specified that we should move to a proportional voting system like STV.
Easy peasy.
Props are permanent laws that bypass the legislature right?
By their very nature they must mean radical change.
If democrat, always vote yes on all propositions.
If republican, always vote no.
Probably a troll, but Propositions, while important as a means of public referendum and democracy, can and often are written/supported by conservatives and private interests as a way to circumvent institutional checks and balances and constitutional protections. Often propositions are confusingly written - generally intentionally-so - as a means of garbling the message to sneak laws past the electorate. As such, propositions, more than any other voted-item, must be
carefully read and evaluated before a decision is made.
An example of a conservative ballot measure would be California's Prop 8 in 2008 which constitutionally defined marriage as between a man and a woman. It's also an example of a confusingly-written proposition, as the measure appeared to be a referendum on gay marriage, but the options were reversed, i.e. "Yes = no marriage" and "No = yes marriage".
Another example of a ballot measure favored by conservatives and also protecting private and corporate interests would be CA-Prop 13 from 1978, which:
a) restricted property tax to no more than 1% of the property's assessed value
b) prohibited the property value's inflationary increase to not exceed 2%
c) restricted property values to only be reassessed either upon a change of ownership or the completion of a new construction
This obviously benefits homeowners, but most especially homeowners of estates that don't change hands. This measure is also an example of why it's important to read a ballot measure carefully and consider its effects. Public schools receive their funding, by and large, from property tax revenues, so if you dramatically reduce revenues from property taxes, you have severely hamstrung public school funding. It should come as no surprise, then, that California, despite being far and away the richest state in the country, is also 41st in "conditions that help children succeed" and 39th in funding.
Another good one is Prop 60 from 2016, which would have made it illegal for porn actors to perform without condoms. Seems good on the face of it, but
a) the bill sought to empower OSHA to sue violators for noncompliance and
b) would have empowered any California resident to sue a porn production for identified noncompliance
part b) is the especially vicious part of this bill, as empowering private residents to sue porn productions would, in the case of amateur porn (usually informal videos shot by individual porn actors) give private citizens access to the personal information of individual actors. Also consider the case of real amateur porn: home videos often shot by real-life couples and amateurs. What happens in the case of a husband-and-wife couple uploading a home movie? Any rando can sue them and obtain their personal information. The point is, the measure would have done nothing to combat the horrific abuses that are all too common on professional porn shoots, but rather would have effectively eradicated the amateur industry (pretty much the only way individual actors have of circumventing the established industry) and would have exposed nonprofessionals (i.e. private citizens) to substantial harm in the form of making their personal information easily accessible. It should come as no surprise then that the bill was heavily supported (and possibly written or co-written) by porn production companies and almost universally opposed by workers rights groups and individual porn actors.
Point is: read your damn Ballot measures people!