Monotheism vs Polytheism

Which do you prefer


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But at that point you're playing a game with definitions

Not really, I'm just pointing out that at some stage we didn't worship any gods, and at some stage we worshipped many. So along the way somewhere there had to be that first god. I think it's an interesting thing to point out, even if the "spirit of the truth" here is that polytheism came first
 
That's like saying that there had to be a first chicken sometime.
 
Not really, I'm just pointing out that at some stage we didn't worship any gods, and at some stage we worshipped many. So along the way somewhere there had to be that first god. I think it's an interesting thing to point out, even if the "spirit of the truth" here is that polytheism came first
Right, but that isn't how animistic religions work. They don't just decide that the sun or the sky or whatever are gods, they start with the assumption that every natural phenomenon is a conscious being with which humans need to establish and maintain relationships. There's no point of transition from "zero gods" to "one god", because everything is a "god", as far as the term is applicable, ever rock and tree and river. It's only later that we begin drawing finer distinctions and "god" becomes a more exclusively category, so only in retrospect that some of these little gods seem to loss their claim to god-hood.
 
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Right, but that isn't how animistic religions work. They don't just decide that the sun or the sky or whatever are gods, they start with the assumption that every natural phenomenon is a conscious being with which humans need to establish and maintain relationships. There's no point of transition from "zero gods" to "one god", because everything is a "god", as far as the term is applicable, ever rock and tree and river. It's only later that we begin drawing finer distinctions and "god" becomes a more exclusively category, so only in retrospect that some of these little gods seem to loss their claim to god-hood.
It is not that cut and dry. You also have to factor in that humans themselves have different thought processes. Some humans will never see an inanimate object as something spiritual. Perhaps to the point they will never understand how some humans can. And it is not a cultural thing that enforces such a mindset. Humans accept things because of the culture they are in, just to fit in, but not necessarily in total agreement. Some may feel compelled to seek out other like minded humans, or they give up on their beliefs altogether and just exist the best they can.

It seems to me that Darwin and the acceptance of his theory is what cemented in human thought and re-enforced the notion there may not be a spiritual reality. Because now we can put humans further back than the so-called alien involvement that has been used to explain what could not be explained by religious explanations, ancient and modern.

Ancient aliens do not replace God or a single creator being, but they may replace all inferences to the known gods and spirits in known history. Even to the point of giving inanimate objects animate properties even if humans have not discovered the technology required. Religions form from not knowing, and humans conning others to accept something that may be real or imagined. But there has to be enough evidence to at least make an idea believable or accepted.

As pointed out, cause and effect are not the only rationales used by humans, so saying that humans at one point needed to explain phenomenon to a myriad of gods does not follow. Even the Greeks had stories of "gods" before they reasoned out the cause and effect nature of existence. Even if it is not an acceptable main stream fact, we may have a reasonable explanation why we do have religions in the first place. Not because we need to know the origin of life, but we may have the origin of religious thought itself.
 
Because now we can put humans further back than the so-called alien involvement that has been used to explain what could not be explained by religious explanations, ancient and modern.

Ancient aliens do not replace God or a single creator being, but they may replace all inferences to the known gods and spirits in known history. Even to the point of giving inanimate objects animate properties even if humans have not discovered the technology required. Religions form from not knowing, and humans conning others to accept something that may be real or imagined. But there has to be enough evidence to at least make an idea believable or accepted.

As pointed out, cause and effect are not the only rationales used by humans, so saying that humans at one point needed to explain phenomenon to a myriad of gods does not follow. Even the Greeks had stories of "gods" before they reasoned out the cause and effect nature of existence. Even if it is not an acceptable main stream fact, we may have a reasonable explanation why we do have religions in the first place. Not because we need to know the origin of life, but we may have the origin of religious thought itself.
Could there be at least one serious discussion of ancient religion that doesn't include ancient aliens?
 
There's no point of transition from "zero gods" to "one god", because everything is a "god", as far as the term is applicable, ever rock and tree and river. It's only later that we begin drawing finer distinctions and "god" becomes a more exclusively category, so only in retrospect that some of these little gods seem to loss their claim to god-hood.

I really doubt we went from "zero gods" to "many gods" with the snap of a finger. At some point the concept of god had to exist for the first time ever. If everything was god at first, there's your first god right there.
 
I really doubt we went from "zero gods" to "many gods" with the snap of a finger. At some point the concept of god had to exist for the first time ever. If everything was god at first, there's your first god right there.

Why does it have to start with one god though? You could just as easily posit a Manichean belief system operating as this "starting point"
 
I really doubt we went from "zero gods" to "many gods" with the snap of a finger. At some point the concept of god had to exist for the first time ever. If everything was god at first, there's your first god right there.
It's not that everything is god so much as everything is a god; it's not pantheism, or at least it's not pantheistic in its premise, it's that every natural phenomenon is taken to be a conscious agent in its own right, a "god" so far as the term is applicable. And again, it's not that this a decision made empirically, that people started going "oh, that's a god, and that's a god, and that's a god", rather, it's the absence of a materialistic distinction between the animate and inanimate, it's entering into the world with the assumption that, if something appears to be motivated or propelled in some way, then it is a concious agent like you or me. Everything is a god, but in an equal sense there are no gods, because "god", "spirit", "sorcerer", all these terms begin to collapse into each other, because they all describe beings of power, distinguished not so much in any essential way as how they appear in the world. By the time that anything even approximate to the modern concept of godhood emerges, these belief-systems have been active for thousands of years.
 
It's not that everything is god so much as everything is a god; it's not pantheism, or at least it's not pantheistic in its premise, it's that every natural phenomenon is taken to be a conscious agent in its own right, a "god" so far as the term is applicable. And again, it's not that this a decision made empirically, that people started going "oh, that's a god, and that's a god, and that's a god", rather, it's the absence of a materialistic distinction between the animate and inanimate, it's entering into the world with the assumption that, if something appears to be motivated or propelled in some way, then it is a concious agent like you or me. Everything is a god, but in an equal sense there are no gods, because "god", "spirit", "sorcerer", all these terms begin to collapse into each other, because they all describe beings of power, distinguished not so much in any essential way as how they appear in the world. By the time that anything even approximate to the modern concept of godhood emerges, these belief-systems have been active for thousands of years.

I don't disagree with any of that, but it also doesn't contradict with what I've said previously.
 
I don't disagree with any of that, but it also doesn't contradict with what I've said previously.
Well, it seems like it should. If your classical pantheons, your Olympians and your Aesir and your Tuatha Dé Danann all have their origins as an elaboration on more basic animistic entities, if they can trace their origins to ancestor-spirits or river-monsters or big rocks that look like they're probably pretty important, then where should we assume that there's a point where a classical god (if such a thing exists except in monotheistic retrospect) just springs fully-formed into the human imagination? If humans emerged from the third-dude-along-on-that-monkey-chart operating on the assumption that any force beyond human control represented another, greater will than their own, why does their need to be a discrete moment at which humans decide to consciously pick out one of these forces and frame it in terms of explicit godhood?
 
Well, it seems like it should.

Maybe we have a different thing in mind when we consider what "god" means in this context

why does their need to be a discrete moment at which humans decide to consciously pick out one of these forces and frame it in terms of explicit godhood?

There doesn't, the concept would probably evolve slowly over time
 
Many Nazis were fascinated by the occult and dabbled in restoring some forms of Paganism, but officially the regime preferred "Positive Christianity," a new sect of Christianity that kept a lot of cultural baggage but dropped all of the teachings I'd say could qualify a faith as Christian. Their Aryan Jesus bears no resemblance to a Jew who taught that we must love our enemies and not use violence even in self defense.
 
Could there be at least one serious discussion of ancient religion that doesn't include ancient aliens?
If it is not a serious discussion, then what makes it not serious? Would you prefer not to know the origin of religious thought? Calling it human imagination, seems too restrictive. If we ridicule imaginary friends, at what point did we start and stop the ridicule? There has to be enough physical phenomenon involved or someone's imagination will never catch on to the point of acceptance. Every religion on earth claims there is something besides this physical reality. Why claim the notion that something physical actually gave humans such thinking is any less plausible than humans themselves thinking they received information from other physical beings? If some humans, just made things up, why is there evidence to the contrary?
 
Many Nazis were fascinated by the occult and dabbled in restoring some forms of Paganism, but officially the regime preferred "Positive Christianity," a new sect of Christianity that kept a lot of cultural baggage but dropped all of the teachings I'd say could qualify a faith as Christian. Their Aryan Jesus bears no resemblance to a Jew who taught that we must love our enemies and not use violence even in self defense.

Nobody's Jesus bears any resemblance to that particular guy. Centuries before the Nazis, European Christians had already de-jewefied Jesus into a white man and tossed out all of his hippy pacifist anti-money teachings.

Hippy peace loving Jesus is only popular again because churches need the good PR in order to keep those piles of cash and private jets. They can't steal and extort their wealth through the state like they could before.
 
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If it is not a serious discussion, then what makes it not serious?
Space aliens. It was a serious discussion until space aliens came into it.

Would you prefer not to know the origin of religious thought? Calling it human imagination, seems too restrictive.
If it's space aliens, produce the evidence. If it's some supernatural being telling people to believe in them, let's see the evidence. After all, doorknockers and online preachers keep telling me the "evidence" is all over the place, but they never say what it is.

Humans are more than capable of inventing religions. Evidence: Devout Mormons. Scientologists. Pick any cult, and there's your evidence that humans invent this stuff, usually for some combination of exerting power over others and to get rich.

If some humans, just made things up, why is there evidence to the contrary?
What evidence?

It's an entirely valid question to ask about monotheism and polytheism and when these concepts started and what inspired them. Warpus has made some good points in this regard. These are questions that anthropologists ask, and they're serious ones.

Introducing space aliens just drags it down to the level of nonsense.
 
I would take as guiding thought on the OP that concepts we had regarding spirits and gods reflect, would mirror, the way humans and human society were at that moment.


In extended family / tribal societies, hunter gather, spirited animals up to objects, would reflect the individual consciousness/soul and sovereign integrity. Many kinds of individuals, roles => many kinds of spirits
In well organised agricultural societies, with a topdown pyramid of power and specialist roles with power, a supreme god controlling lesser gods to some degree would reflect the societal organisation. Order out of chaos.

This approach gives a smooth transformation from animism to polytheism up to polytheism with a supreme god
and it would imply that the driver for monotheism would come from leaders who wanted more absolute power.
 
Because animism is still practiced till this day. Polytheism is still practiced today. Monotheism is still practiced today, and there is no indication that any of the three, evolved separate or even evolved independent of each other.

That it was culturally different in places does not mean the evolutionary track was that way. That is why there is only speculation and the evidence to prove either way cannot be accepted by all, 100%.

Cultures evolve all the time, and science has not eradicated nor replaced philosophy or religion. Each individual is free to choose what they believe even if no one else in all of humanity agrees with them.

So to say there was an exact order to belief systems is probably futile, but we do it any way. That there was evidence that other types of sophisticated humanoids existed in the past has been documented. What they were and did is still only speculation. And even more so if we reject any form of ancient records and the way they are viewed in modern bias.
 
That there was evidence that other types of sophisticated humanoids existed in the past has been documented. What they were and did is still only speculation. And even more so if we reject any form of ancient records and the way they are viewed in modern bias.
Is this an attempt to tap dance around the word "aliens"?

If so, let's see the evidence.
 
Is this an attempt to tap dance around the word "aliens"?

If so, let's see the evidence.
Do you mean evidence that their DNA included reptilian instead of afarensis markers? I am just pointing out that there were different types of humans in which the dna was noticeably different. They existed at the same time. I pointed out, we do not have evidence they were superior, but they were not exactly primitive either. They stopped existing after a seemingly specific point in time. I also pointed out this difference between one group of humans and the remaining humans could be the basis of our current religious thought that begin at the time the one group were no longer around. And this could have happened about 10,000 years ago when the records we do have seem to have started. Enough so, that a major event changed the earth in a drastic manner, and humans wanted a reminder of the event, or tried to reconnect with them.

The loss or event may have been perceived as supernatural itself, even if it had a rational, physical cause. Trying to figure out what form religion had before this event may never be proven.
 
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