Chemical Breakthrough
The main cause of the success of the early Spiculi was in the evolution of Spiculin. Derived from primitive cytoskeletal elements, Spiculin is a repeating chain of small organic molecules called a polymer. As a result of hydrogen bonding along the length of the chain, the filament naturally folds itself into a helix- a coil. Similar intermolecular attractions bind small chains of Spiculin together to form long filaments. However, more than simply providing internal structure for the cells, Spiculin displays an extremely useful behaviour. Given a small amount of energy input, the weakest bonds- those holding the polymer complex in a helical state- are broken, causing the structure to rapidly straighten, expanding to several times its original length. Without further energy investment, the polymers begin to retract once more, reverting the filament to its compact state. This unique development enables the extremely rapid extension characteristic of species in the family of the Spiculus.
Spiculin stands in contrast to some rough equivalents on earth, such as the interaction of Actin and Myosin which operates our muscles. However, while these two chemicals operate in a manner similar to legs walking along a fixed track, Spiculin could be more accurately described as a spring, which can be released in a huge, rapid extension. The major functional difference between the two is that while Actin and Myosin work together to contract, Spiculin serves to extend.
What huge impacts this fundamental difference in biochemical building blocks will have in the long term remains to be seen, but for now, the lightning-quick movements of Spiculus and its relatives serve as some of the fastest things you'll see in this primordial world.
The main cause of the success of the early Spiculi was in the evolution of Spiculin. Derived from primitive cytoskeletal elements, Spiculin is a repeating chain of small organic molecules called a polymer. As a result of hydrogen bonding along the length of the chain, the filament naturally folds itself into a helix- a coil. Similar intermolecular attractions bind small chains of Spiculin together to form long filaments. However, more than simply providing internal structure for the cells, Spiculin displays an extremely useful behaviour. Given a small amount of energy input, the weakest bonds- those holding the polymer complex in a helical state- are broken, causing the structure to rapidly straighten, expanding to several times its original length. Without further energy investment, the polymers begin to retract once more, reverting the filament to its compact state. This unique development enables the extremely rapid extension characteristic of species in the family of the Spiculus.
Spiculin stands in contrast to some rough equivalents on earth, such as the interaction of Actin and Myosin which operates our muscles. However, while these two chemicals operate in a manner similar to legs walking along a fixed track, Spiculin could be more accurately described as a spring, which can be released in a huge, rapid extension. The major functional difference between the two is that while Actin and Myosin work together to contract, Spiculin serves to extend.
What huge impacts this fundamental difference in biochemical building blocks will have in the long term remains to be seen, but for now, the lightning-quick movements of Spiculus and its relatives serve as some of the fastest things you'll see in this primordial world.