I am new to CivIV and turn games. Just a heads up. Anyway, I have been playing for a couple days and have a few cities built. Everything seems to be going ok but I am confused about the basic workings of the game, especially the rings/halos around the units. green then yellow then red. I also dont understand what I am supposed to do with some of the units when they are hi-lighted. For instance, I have great people and I dont know what to do with them when they are lit up with these rings/halos or when a knight is highlighted? What do i do with him? Any help would be great. Thanks!!
Welcome to civfanatics!
You might want to check some beginners articles in the
War Academy. I must admit that I haven't read the beginners articles, but as they are in the War Academy, they must be pretty good.
The only one that I have read is
Sulla's Civilization IV Walkthrough, even before Civ 4 was out. That was a good read with lots of pictures to get a good impression on the game mechanics of Civ4. It was easy to follow even if I couldn't play the game myself as it wasn't in the shops yet (Sulla was a beta tester of civilization IV).
To answer some of the more specific questions:
The halo's are there to designate the amount of movement points left on the unit (for that turn):
Green: full movement points left
Yellow: partial movement points left
Red: out of movement points
A knight is one of the many military units. They are used to defend your empire and attack someone else's civilization. If you move your unit onto an enemy unit, then it will attack that unit until one of them dies. If someone attacks your unit, then it will defend itself as well as it can.
The Great people are born when a city accumulates enough great people points. They can be used for various very strong options that can seriously help your civilization. I could mention all of these things here, but they are quite accurately described in the ingame civilopedia:
Ingame, press F12, then click specialists and then great artist and start reading. Most of the things that you'd want to know about great people is mentioned there. If you don't understand some detail, then just ask here.
Is there an article or thread about unique units?
Not that I know of. I don't actually know what you're looking for. You regularly see single threads in the general discussion forum about some unique unit (especially threads about how overpowered the Praetorian is), but no complete guide to unique units or something like that.
You have to;
Reaserch astronomy (assuming you cannot get to them by coast).
Have open borders
Not be in Merchentism
Them not be in merchantism.
Thjat is it, you do not need to Do anything in the sence of moving a ship or something.
There is another requirement that you'd usually meet, but not always: you need to see a path on the map between your empire and their border. The only time when this requirement is not met is when you have explored the seas very poorly and haven't traded for their maps.
Thanks!
Another stupid question. How do I make (initial) contact with them without them declaring war because I sailed into their border (pre-open border agreement)...They have always contacted me first although I'm not sure how they do it.
When you move close to their borders, then they can see your ship and contact will be initiated automatically. A civilization can always see the tiles directly next to its borders.