Republic of Pilipinas
Adjective: Pilipino
Plural: Pilipinos
Capital: Visayas (specifically, the city of Cebu)
Core: Luzon, Mindanao, Sabah
Reach: Tonkin, Annam, Sarawak
Far Reach: Kalimantan, Hainan, Sulawesi, Moluccas, Taiwan, Cambodia
Government: Unitary presidential republic.
The two major political parties are the National Liberal Party (liberal, support assimilation of minorities) and the Party of Justice (supports rural poor, supports more autonomy to local government). The former is a merger of two parties that were initially dominant when the republic was founded (1930s) - nationalists and liberals. The latter is a more recently created (1970s) challenger party popular in areas neglected by urban elites.
Society:
The Spanish language and Catholicism have almost completely died out except in memory. The majority of the country speaks Tagalog, the tongue of commerce and government, though there are many officially protected languages - the population of Pilipinas is extremely diverse. Catholicism gave way to traditional religions which either triumphed or synthesized Catholic beliefs. Bathala is pretty popular, though there are many religions across the country.
Founded on the basis of republican ideals, the Republic of Pilipinas has, due to the decentralized nature of the revolution that ended colonial rule, as well as the lack of a powerful, central military for most of its early history, been a highly successful experiment in democracy. Since the foundation of the republic in 1937 there has been a peaceful transfer of power after elections. This deep respect for democracy is one of the universally accepted values of the archipelago, with even marginalized ethnic minorities in patriotic unity with the Tagalog majority on the importance of the vote and the constitution. Secularism and multiculturalism are also popular, with most citizens of the republic taking a "live and let live" policy toward their neighbours, including isolated tribal groups who have never integrated into the wider republic.
Focus Techs:
1) Nav
2) Com
3) Arm
4) Ind
5) Air
Army Doctrine: Infantry 4, Cavalry 0, Artillery 1
Navy Doctrine: Battleships 1, Destroyers 1, Amphibious 3
Air Force Doctrine: Air Supremacy 3, Tactical Support 1, Drop Support 1
History:
1878 – 1889
Through brutal repression of the unhappy population, the central government in Manila keeps the Philippines barely under the rule of the Spanish colonial Governor.
1889
Year of the Pilipino Revolution – several major revolts abetted by mutinies in the colonial navy succeed in becoming de facto independent. The separatist leaders, exposed to liberal ideals through education and familiar with republican revolutions in the Americas prior to the Fall, declare many small republics across the Philippines. Manila (which is a husk of its former size due to depopulation) is captured by Tagalog rebels and the Governor is killed in his palace. The remnants of the navy either abandon the islands altogether, never to be seen again, or surrender to local forces – no individual rebel group manages to capture enough of a fleet to seriously assert their control over the islands.
1889 – 1920s
Due to the decentralized nature of the Revolution, the lack of any external threat to unite the motley republics across the Philippine archipelago, and the diffusion and destruction of the colonial navy, talks between the rebel republics of creating a united state stall for years. Despite no central authority, friendly relations permit exceptionally free trade to flourish between the successor states of the archipelago. A national congress even meets every few years to discuss major cooperative issues, though as a diplomatic rather than legislative body.
1920s & 1930s
The republic centred on Manila becomes a leading economic and commercial capital, as trade and local production grow steadily. The economic gravity of the entire archipelago begins to slide toward Manila, and leaders from many republics begin reconsidering national unification.
This period also becomes a renaissance of classical liberalism and nationalism among elites, as a new generation comes of age inspired by stories of great republican revolutions and national unifications from their parents. Most political elites still speak Spanish, though their children, as well as economic elites throughout the isles, increasingly use Tagalog as their primary language.
1937
With the strong support of Manila’s powerful, ethnic Tagalog, plutocratic class (bankers, traders, landlords, workshop owners, etc.), whose influence stretches across a majority of independent island republics due to economic ties, a national convention is held to formally reunite the nation. The Republic of Pilipinas is proclaimed unilaterally by political and economic leaders, and within the year the remaining holdout islands accede to the new constitution. Cebu is made a compromise capital, slowly becoming more economically prominent than Manila due to its central location among the isles.
1940s & 1950s
With the growth of local markets and improvement in cooperation across the archipelago, Pilipinas starts to experience noteworthy business cycles, and a working class begins to develop in the cities.
The national government remains deeply influenced by the interests of wealthy elites. The franchise remains restricted to men literate in on of a handful of official languages, while gerrymandering and voter intimidation effectively prevent any parties other than the two dominant ones from running.
1960s, 1970s & 1980s
Internal trade and local markets grow steadily throughout this relatively period, though several minor market crises cause antipathy toward the two major parties – as more of the country become literate and politically engaged, a new party (Party of Justice) challenges and eventually wins an election through winning the votes of the countryside (while vote splitting hurts the centre parties). This leads to several terms of pro-poor policies, labour reform and reforms to the electoral system – eventually the Party of Justice loses to a new united National Liberal Party, creating a new political dynamic that will last to the present day.
1990s & 2000s
Several quiet revolutions take place during this relatively peaceful, economically prosperous period. While inequality is still rife across the country, cultural assimilation to the Tagalog language has become less popular as minorities have increasingly integrated into the political scene through both major parties. The result is a mosaic society of religions, languages, cultural practices built on a more than century of peaceful democracy and gains from trade.