The thread for space cadets!

Quantum Cryptography in Space

Previously demonstrated in a fibre optic cables fast enough, and in satellites but not fast enough, this work demonstrates that communication can occur within the bounds you need for practical use of quantum cryptography between points on earth using satellites as a relay. The bounds are fast enough (Ext data fig. 4) and secure enough (Fig 3, diagram at Ext data fig. 5). Though fast enough is 0.12 bits/second.
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Spoiler Other images :

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X-Ray image of the whole night sky

Astronomers have mapped the hot gas floating in our Milky Way for the first time – and identified more than a million X-ray-emitting objects in the universe – by piecing together images snapped by the eROSITA telescope.
“This all-sky image completely changes the way we look at the energetic universe,” said Peter Predehl, the principal investigator of eROSITA at the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics in Germany, today. “We see such a wealth of detail – the beauty of the images is really stunning.”
Most of the pinpricks of light in the snaps are from active galactic nuclei spewing X-ray radiation from distant galaxies. These signals, we're told, mark the growth of massive black holes that lie at the center of galaxies.
Other X-ray sources include things like clusters of galaxies and binary neutron stars. Some of the big splodges of bright colors are supernovas, where giant stars have died and ejected their mass in explosions. The swathes of color reveal the structures of hot protons and neutrons that make up the gas in the Milky Way.
 
it is post #5600 and r16 history demands ı was kicked out at somewhere and at multiples of 400 ı get to remind peoples and stuff am still alive . No war still in sight , America mumbling this time that they are replacing Trump and we surely must wait until February next year when Biden gets sworn in and gets briefed by all institutions and he will surely hear about the griveances that justify the total destruction of USA . Then naturally it will be unfair if they do not have the means to defend themselves and will we please wait until 2030 ?

this of course leads to the current issues . Stuck in real stuff (say , the previous paragraph) ı of course missed the claims and graphs (Ugh , real mathematics ! Disgusting !) People should have said that there might be 30 alien civilizations in the galaxy , and the nearest one is 17 000 light years away ... As ı heard it on some TV news just last night ! lt isn't but let me indulge Uncle Sam for a bit . At Warp 8 , which is like 1024 times the speed of light , because some graphic says so , that's 16.6 years of travel or like 202 months . Yeah , nobody ever understands Drake Equation is 32 or 42 .


edit : Which suddenly becomes political with the news that Trump declaring in an interview with his son . Knows interesting things about Roswell 1947 and how a saucer was shot down ? No , he must think about declassifying things . Considering how fast his alien allies can come to his help ...
 
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On June 21, a rare “ring of fire” will be visible in Africa, Asia and the Middle East. It will be the shortest and deepest solar eclipse in 2020, reports Travel + Leisure.

The “ring of fire” is a partial solar eclipse that occurs when a new moon is furthest away from Earth in its orbit, so it doesn’t cover the sun completely. Essentially, it’s the opposite of a “supermoon.” The sun will be 99 percent obscured (hence the name), almost like a total solar eclipse.
 
And fron NM

Unity glides again

Virgin Galactic spacecraft completes second glide flight over

Copyright © 2020 Albuquerque Journal BY KEVIN ROBINSON-AVILA

Virgin Galactic’s six-passenger VSS Unity spaceship has completed its second non-powered glide flight at Spaceport America in southern New Mexico, the company announced Thursday afternoon.

The VMS Eve mothership carried the Unity on its underbelly to 51,000 feet, at which point the spaceship detached from Eve and glided back down to Earth for a smooth landing on the spaceport runway, the company said.

It’s the second Unity glide flight since May 1, when Eve and Unity flew together for the first time in New Mexico. Eventually, when the company launches commercial service to fly paying passengers to space, Unity will power up its motors after breaking away from the mothership to shoot into space at more than 50 miles up. There, customers can float for a few minutes in microgravity and view the Earth’s curvature below.

The glide flights allow Virgin Galactic to evaluate systems and vehicle performance before moving on to powered flights from the spaceport, said CEO George Whitesides. “I am thrilled with the team’s hard work to complete today’s test flight successfully,” Whitesides said in a prepared statement. “It was an important test that, pending data review, means we can now start preparing the vehicles for powered flight. Our focus for this year remains unchanged on ensuring the vehicles and our operations are prepared for long-term, regular commercial spaceflight service.”

It’s unclear when powered flights will begin and how many motorized test runs will be needed before starting commercial passenger flights. The company had said early this year it hoped to fly Sir Richard Branson on Unity sometime in 2020 before moving onto commercial service, but the coronavirus pandemic has slowed operations. The company said it’s observing “stringent operational protocols” to guard against COVID-19 in all tasks at the spaceport. That includes changes to work areas and procedures to enforce social distancing, and requiring all employees to wear masks. During Thursday’s flight, Unity reached faster glide speeds than in the last test on May 1, hitting Mach 0.85 after being released from the mothership. The two Unity pilots, Michael “Sooch” Masucci and Mark “Forger”




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SpaceShipTwo Unity takes its second non-powered glide flight over Spaceport America. COURTESY OF VIRGIN GALACTIC

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Virgin Galactic’s SpaceShipTwo vehicle, VSS Unity, has completed its second glide flight at the Spaceport America facility in southern New Mexico. COURTESY OF SPACEPORT AMERICA


Stucky, performed a series of maneuvers during the flight to gather data about performance and handling qualities at higher speeds, the company said. The company continues to conduct other tests in the air and on the ground. It completed two “pilot proficiency” flights earlier this month with the mothership. And last weekend, the company’s spaceship and propulsion teams carried out a full dress rehearsal to check out Virgin Galactic’s new facilities and equipment at the spaceport, positioning the spaceflight system on the runway and loading the Unity with active propellant.

After fully completing a data review of Thursday’s flight, the company will start preparing for powered test flights, although it must still complete other tasks, including final modifications to the spaceship’s customer cabin and detailed inspections of the vehicle and systems.

Still, Thursday’s flight drew praise from Gov. Michelle Lujan Grisham. “I’m excited by the continued progress Virgin Galactic has made in New Mexico and confident in their work going forward,” Lujan Grisham said in a prepared statement. “Our state has the opportunity to be a leader in commercial spaceflight, and partners like Virgin Galactic are leading the way.”
 
This is a good illustration of why you can't use stars for navigation in space - or at least not within the solar system. Satellites uses special cameras called star trackers to image the stars to help determine which direction the satellite is pointing. This is called the satellite's attitude, and if you image a bunch of stars you can tell by how they are oriented relative to each other how the satellite itself is oriented in space. But you can't use these cameras to actually tell where in the solar system your spacecraft is because the stars are always fixed on the celestial sphere.

If you are in a ship and you're heading up the coast, you can look at lighthouse or a mountain on the coast and tell where you are by how it appears to shift in your vision as you move around. As you move, the relative angles between these distant objects change and you can use this to calculate your precise location. This doesn't work in space - the stars are so far away that they always appear to be in the same spot until you get out past Pluto as this shows. And even then, Wolf 359 and Proxima Centauri are close by stars and you can see that none of the other stars budge at all!

You can use stars to navigate on the Earth since your viewpoint on the sky is restricted by the Earth itself and what you can see in the sky will change depending on where you are located. But once you're out in space then that is no longer the case.

The one really close star should be helpful, though, if it isn't blocked by a planet or moon or other bit?
 
Most moons are really small compared to their larger companion, so our moon is unusual and was thought to be unique in our solar system. However they may have just found another! 2002 TC302, a trans-Neptunian Object, is 500 m across and appears to be orbited by a 200m moon at a distance of less than 2000 Km (about 5 times the height of the ISS). New scientist's article is hard paywalled, and the paper is pretty hard going.
 
Charon is also a big moon compared to Pluto, so our moon isn't unique in that sense.
This is an interesting article, though. It would be nice if the JWST would take a look at it for us.
 
Yes, but Charon-Pluto actually have a small enough difference in mass that they both orbit a point between them.
 
Mathematically that happens to more or less any system of bodies orbiting each other.
In Earth's case this is lesser enough that the centre here is still inside the Earth, while in the case of Pluto and Charon it's out there in the space between them.
 
10 years of solar observations in 1 hour
Nasa has released a mesmerising timelapse video of the sun that condenses an entire solar cycle into an hour of footage, using images of the star taken every hour continuously over a decade.
Nasa’s Solar Dynamics Observatory has gathered 425 million high-resolution images of the sun, from its launch in February 2010 until June this year, which have now been stitched together to form the video.
 
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The one really close star should be helpful, though, if it isn't blocked by a planet or moon or other bit?
No I don't think it would be that useful given New Horizons had to travel beyond Pluto before it could detect a noticeable shift. You could instead image the planets within the solar system and as long as you have an accurate clock and a program that tells you where the planets should be at a given moment, the relative angles between them will tell you where you are. There are probably easier ways to do this though. Within the Earth-Moon system, if you know the attitude (direction you are pointing) of the spacecraft, you can use the relative angles between the Earth, Moon and/or Sun for the same purpose. This is what the Apollo 13 crew did in a couple of instances in the movie with Tom Hanks.
 
X-ray maps, infra-red maps, what next - magnetic maps of the universe?
Yup.
The Hidden Magnetic Universe Begins to Come Into View
https://www.quantamagazine.org/the-hidden-magnetic-universe-begins-to-come-into-view-20200702/
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(Caption: LOFAR consists of 20,000 individual radio antennas spread across Europe)
So what is going on there? Did they build a moat to protect some but not all the telescopes, or did they build the telescopes where there was already a moat, for reasons?
Spoiler Also :
Google image search fails spectacularly with that image, it seems to think it is Mont-Saint-Michel
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I don't know if I made the joke here, but after the latest SpaceX mishap with their Starship prototypes (they've blown up I think 4 of them so far), I told my friends and coworkers that I do not think their environmental impact statement encompassed multiple ground-level explosions and I wouldn't be surprised if they have to redo it. Well:
https://www.abc27.com/news/us-world...w-after-changing-rocket-tests-in-south-texas/

It actually is worse than just an assessment of the hazards to wildlife that the explosions are causing - SpaceX effectively changed all of the parameters of how they are using the site (how many tests, when they test, what kinds of tests) after getting FAA approval. It's driving some of the residents mad and probably endangering wildlife.


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Here's a good article that talks about a new effort to build a dual-mode airbreathing rocket engine called Fenris. It also gives a small update on Reaction Engines (the guys that were going to build the Skylon spaceplane). It seems like the main founding engineer of Reaction Engines retired in 2017 but they've managed to scoop up about $100 million in investor funds over the last four years. They say they're making good progress and seem to have DARPA backing and yet they've gone almost radio silent in that time.
https://www.wired.com/story/the-rocket-motor-of-the-future-breathes-air-like-a-jet-engine/
Spoiler Reaction Engines SABRE Engine for their Skylon Spaceplane :
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The British government and an Indian telecom have bought OneWeb out of bankruptcy. OneWeb is already HQ'd in the UK with manufacturing in Florida and launches on Soyuz rockets out of French Guiana and is trying to build a massive, 650 satellite internet constellation to compete with SpaceX's starlink. They have already launched a few dozen satellites but collapsed when SoftBank (their primary backer) refused to re-capitalize them recently.

The UK has more or less been kicked out of the Galileo satellite navigation constellation by the EU and is facing a severe retraction in orders for satellites and components from the EU. This is one way in which the government wants to stay in the space game, and they're also thinking aloud about launching their own satellite navigation system. I think OneWeb's satellites would be a good starting platform for such an effort but I really think it's a fool's game at this point. They already have access to military grade signals from GPS through NATO, and between GPS, Galileo and Baidou (from China - which just completed their constellation a week or so ago) providing commercial signals to everyone, the possible return on the investment is miniscule.
 
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I really think it's a fool's game at this point. They already have access to military grade signals from GPS through NATO, and between GPS, Galileo and Baidou (China - which just completed their constellation) providing commercial signals to everyone, the possible return on the investment is miniscule.
It just seems like a mad vanity project that appeals to people who still think it is the 19th century. There is no comercial reason for us to have our own, and if there is a military reason we should probably not be doing it, since it probably involves bombing some poor people somewhere.
 
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