Some Recommended Reading
First of all, before reading this, please know that a deep understanding of Japanese history and culture is not necessary to play this NES. Have more confidence in yourself and treat it not only as a game, but also an opportunity.
OK, when we begin I will have a whole "Understanding" section of the rules that will include useful links and other bits of info relevant to Japanese Sengoku culture. It is not required or anything (this is not school), but recommended if you wish to do well in this game. Having some knowledge of what is going on and how things were done during this time is important. This is especially true because we are kind of interpreting this time in history from a Western viewpoint. What I mean by that is we often in the West view history of this time period as having clear, defined borders and leaders. In Sengoku jidai Japan, there were not really borders, but moreso powerful families who held fiefs, and those fiefs would often have smaller families as vassals. Therefore, when you look at the map and see borders, those are estimations more than anything else, based on what families the larger daimyo had under their control during this time. There were certainly province borders during this time, which we know from old maps and writings, but often family holdings went from province to province. Some families even existed on the two opposite sides of Japan, or moved frequently. Knowing this, it is difficult to fully understand this time in history because these daimyo and their clans are not "nations", though they do resemble states (hence, Warring States period).
However, I have designed this game to be very easy in this regard. Minor families are not important, and while they may have held their own small castle within a daimyo's terrain throughout the entire period, they did not do anything notable or have enough of their own wealth to cause a problem. They were essentially left alone. There are exceptions, and many small clans which did cause problems or assisted daimyo in invasions. These are going to be kind of assumed in this game, as mentioning them every time they did something would be troublesome. Those families, any way, were essentially vassals and doing the bidding of the larger daimyo, so mentioning them would be useless (most of the time).
Hundreds of small families dot the whole map right now, but daimyo with colors hold dominion over those families (this can be through formal vassalage, tactical alliances, or even deep friendship). White regions on the map are areas in which no single daimyo had greater dominion. That means so many small families are occupying that space and could potentially claim to be overlords of those areas. You will see some notable cities or castles in those areas, which are often independently controlled and can be conquered by your larger dominion.
Even though we are not getting over-complicated with minor families (what's the point, since they were only family in name, and otherwise occupied by the greater dominions which you all represent), I would like you all to know this information because it will help you think of this as a meaningful, historical NES, and not a "Shogun Total War" NES. Knowing the nuances of what is within your territory will be good for writing stories and so on. Since I can't tell you everything myself, simply googling your clan name, your daimyo (often daimyo entries are more detailed than the clan entries), and all of the places within your territory on the map - will benefit you greatly.
Knowing about these nuances, you will realize that this is not only a time of great warfare, but also of intense intrigue. And by intense, I mean intense! There were backstabbers, loyalists, tricksters, and so on. Some clans want expansion, others desire consolidation, and others just want to survive.
I want this NES to be FUN. With that in mind, we won't be too picky about tiny little details. However, I think it is good to have this NES also be an educational experience for those of you who are not well-versed in Japanese history.
Finally, I would like to dedicate this NES to Tohoku. I was personally effected by the earthquake there in that some of my best, life-long friend's family members are currently in an area with very high radiation. I will not claim to be an expert on Japanese history, but I have been to several of the historical sites in this NES in person, and I have fond memories of that time, speaking to my friend and learning a lot about this era.
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Index of Samurai Archives: A decent and rather comprehensive website about this time period. It is the Internet, though, and is of course not as good as a book. There are other articles and websites to be found online as well, some you must pay for. This is the best for our purposes as a game, though. Most links below are from this site. You have to dig through it to find them. Go to "Articles" or search their site.
Military Aspects of the Daimyo: A decent article on militaries during this time period, including organization.
Glossary of Sengoku Terms: This is more for reference. You can find military terms and names here. Not comprehensive, unfortunately.
Japanese Castle Explorer: An excellent map showing many castles with descriptions. Please note that this is very specific, so if your castle shows another clan occupying, that clan was most-likely a vassal. Sometimes this map is inaccurate, too. And also - this map shows many Edo period castles, which were built after our start date. And last but not least, another thing: sometimes castles on our map are shown on this map as being built after 1560 - but please know that many existed before that time, and that the "built" times for those specific castles usually indicate renovations or a new keep being constructed.
Daimyo House Codes: Interesting read, but few clans mentioned.
Samurai Culture: Just for a glimpse.
A history of the gun in Japan: A decent article on guns (arquebus, which are called teppo).
Takeda Shingen vs Uesugi Kenshin: This article is okay for background info. I think comparing these two is kind of pointless, though.
About the Ikko Ikki: Some info about the Ikko uprising and warrior monks.
More to come...