By the way, are the blue dots, east of the northern part of the eastern wall, a resource? (maybe it's just a scattering of single water tiles)
I can't really tell from that small of a map view. Usually iron is more clustered, so probably water? The "m" key will bring up a larger map with hover-ability to see how much of a resource there is, and that should provide a definitive answer.
The actual late game is what you do after launching the rocket - massively scale up everything to push your SPM (science per minute) rate through the roof.
I've read about people doing that, but to me that's like playing a Civ game after the victory conditions have been met. I've usually explored all that I really feel like exploring by that point, and am ready for a change of pace, be that a new start and map, or a different game. Sure, I could build a whole new, scalable area to try to automate rockets at a decent speed (as in, rockets per minute, not hours per rocket), and I could go harness that uranium and set up nuclear power, and I could build artillery all around my walls... but I've already got the rocket and most of the technology by then, to me that would be like playing through the Modern Era of Civ when I'd already conquered the world in the Industrial Era. Yeah, I could build some Manufacturing Plants to boost my industry and Laser Artillery because they're cool, but I'm rarely so inclined.
I now have a rocket silo, and am about 40% of the way to launching a rocket. Debating whether it's worth setting up a new area to increase copper wire, red circuit, and speed module production, to increase rocket control unit production. Somewhat inclined to just go Assembly Machine 3 + Speed Module 2s on the existing area and call it a day. Figured out how to squeeze in another Speed Module Plant and converted the old Lamp Factory to a Red Circuit Factory, and that has helped, but the tradeoffs of having an organic, relatively small base (albeit not nearly as compact as Kyriakos's) are showing.
I'm somewhat more inclined to do the opposite in a way... turn on Expensive Mode or make all the science recipes take more ingredients. Stretch out the early to mid game, and make them more challenging. Or revisit my November map that had a much tougher initial setup and try to make something of it. Or play Krastorio, or perhaps Industrial Revolution.