Cheezy the Wiz
Socialist In A Hurry
So Cheezy, I'm hearing your understanding of Catholicism for the most part comes through an art history course, and your personal interpretation of St Augustine... Thats not quite a substantial study of the Catholic Religion, Im afraid Augustine /= The Catholic Faith.
Not "an" art history course. More like a dozen. Anyway, I'm not applying to become a theologian, now am I? I've read a bit about Plotinus, Origen, St. Jerome, St. Ambrose, and St. Thomas as well.
Anyways as to Islam: (spoilered as an aside).
Spoiler :In my opinion it has the same fundamental flaw as protestantism, textual hyper-literalism. Perhaps even to a greater degree since the Quran is held as an article of faith to be free from all error and to literally have been dictated to Muhammad by God. This becomes problematic when you have such idiosyncracies such as a conflicting number of "days of creation". (Sura's 7:54, 10:3, 11:7, and 25:59 clearly state that God created "the heavens and the earth" in six days. But in 41:9-12 the detailed description of the creation procedure adds up to eight days) and conflicting statements about the forgivability of shirk (Shirk is considered the worst of all sins, but the author of the Qur'an seems unable to decide if Allah will ever forgive it or not. No [4:48, 116], Yes [4:153, 25:68-71]. Abraham committed this sin of polytheism as he takes moon, sun, stars to be his Lord [6:76-78], yet Muslims believe that all prophets are without any sin. problematic no?).
In short if we accept the claim that the Quran was dictated directly by God, then God must be a liar or an idiot since these contradictions exists. It is simply inconceivable that an omniscient God (as monotheism in general accepts) could craft a book with such contradictions in it as I mentioned above (there are many more) while simultaneously declaring itself to be free from error.
I don't think the Quran claims to be the literal word of God. It was originally orally kept, and only compiled and codified by Caliph Umar in the years following Muhammad's death. So the people who collected it had heard it spoken by the Prophet himself (as opposed to the Gospels, which were written by people who were not alive while Christ was), and played a key part not just in compiling and ensuring the accuracy of the Quran, but also the Sunan, aka the personal notes of Muhammad about how people should live. Indeed, it would be contrary to one of the central foundations of Islam to claim that its perfection was divinely ensured; the Muslims believe that God sent Muhammad his revelations precisely because previous attempts by him to deliver His message to mankind had failed because the fallibility and carelessness of men corrupted it over time. Thus, Muslims emphasize its importance in its original form, and do not allow the Quran to be translated into other languages (when it appears in another language, it is not called The Quran, but merely a translation of the Quran. The true Quran always appears and is read in classical Arabic), and still consider the writings and sayings by Mohammad to be the best guide as to how to act and structure society.* Granted, there are sometimes very liberal interpretations of the meanings of those sayings and statements, but no one would ever claim them to be irrelevant today, as we do, for example, the statements about selling daughters into slavery that appear in the Bible.
The emphasis on literal interpretation (taqlid) is also just one school of Muslim thought, albeit today the predominant one. The opposing mindset, which is called, ijtihad, focuses on independent interpretation of the Quran, both in a religious as well as a legal environment. It was very popular during the early centuries of Islam, but gradually fell by the wayside several hundred years ago. And as in all religions, there are opposing schools of thought about many concepts, even within particular branches of Islam.
*There was a school around the tenth century called the Mutazilites who believed the Quran to be a historical text with a definitive date, which thus allowed it to be reinterpreted for new societies and even treated as a dated text, but they never got very popular. The predominant view was, and remains, that it is an ageless document as old as God, that was merely revealed to Muhammad in the mid-seventh century.