Perhaps instead I'll just label arguments as red herrings so I can ignore them
Indeed, but perhaps it's somewhere we'd have more agreement
The women solely in a-c cannot influence the given circumstance in the same way the women in d can influence the results of puberty (although I suppose a case could be made regarding c).
So what you're proposing is that a trans woman at age 12 or 13 is going to willingly and intentionally subject herself to s*****al-ideation-inducing trauma and irreversible physiological changes that she is going to spend the rest of her life hating herself for and will, in all likelihood, end up spending tens of thousands of dollars out of pocket in corrective surgery to mitigate on the off chance that she might get a slight physical advantage that isn't even guaranteed. And this constitutes such a clear, pervasive, and unfair advantage that trans women are necessarily to be placed in a category wholly apart from all other types of women. Am I understanding that correctly?
Because if you take out the intentionally-inducing-male-puberty part, a notion which is utterly incongruent to my own experience and that of any of the many trans people I've known in my life, then you're just back in the randomly assigned, uncorrelated physical, sociological and developmental capacities that the individual has no personal control over (outside diet and access to medical care), which is no different than the puberty of a cis person. Some cis people win the genetic and sociological lottery and get a physiology well-suited to a particular sport and others don't. Likewise, some trans women are (un)lucky enough to realize they're trans after puberty's starkest physical changes have occurred but before they're too old to be able to take advantage of them in the collegiate or Olympic circuits,
and also win the sports genetic lottery inasmuch as the puberty blesses them with physiological advantages well-suited to a particular sport
and also have the familial support and psychological fortitude to be able to withstand the effects of that puberty without it totally derailing their life, academics, and training through dysphoria-induced alcohol or drug dependency, self-harm, or depression - and others don't. It's all a giant lottery, and one you're otherwise apparently perfectly fine with accepting as fair and reasonable. So again, why not here?
The rules acknowledge this difference, which is why hormones are required to compete. Unless trans women shouldn't need to take hormones to compete with other women? Based on your arguments, I don't really see why men and women should compete separately at all
Personally I don't like the men/women pools divide because it erases the existence of nonbinary people, and applies a cisnormative framework for transition which is not universal, and so I would much rather the creation of pools localized to the sport itself (e.g. sorted according to a rolling average of past performances or using an Elo system, or some relevant gender-neutral physical attribute), rather than according to an arbitrary
a priori social construct. But I don't see how it follows from the arguments I have made that separate pools for men and women shouldn't exist. Quite the contrary: my argument for the duration of this conversation has always been for a
stricter adherence towards the delineation between the separate pools: if the distinction is men and women, then
all men should be in the men pool and all women should be in the women pool. It is you who is muddying the distinction by saying that some women should be in the women pool, but other women should be in the men pool.
This is why I said you can't hold all 4 positions simultaneously. You cannot concede that physical variation within a category is fair, while also acknowledging trans women are women while also saying trans women shouldn't be allowed to compete with women due to an unfair physical attribute. You have to drop one of those positions.
If the guiding criterion, as sommer said, is "woman," and one size would be deemed perfectly fitting for the 6'0" 309 lb powerlifter that can clean and jerk 340 lbs and the 4'10" 100 lb academic that struggles to open a jar of pickles, and all variations above, and below or in-between, then why should trans women problematize that criterion unless you don't actually think trans women are women?