some stuff on translation , might have been cool for my thread of WW II aerial stuff
It has been averred that the cannon was known in ancient times, even in the days of the Greeks and Romans, lost during the Dark Ages and rediscovered in the twelfth century. This theory seems to be based on a statement of Livy's, who described Archimedes as 'inventor ac machinator bellecorum' and who reported that one of Archimedes' engines, 'with a terrible noise did shoot forth great bullets of stone'. Even greater antiquity is argued by the many people who have quoted the 'Gentoo Code' of laws, originating in India in about 1 500 bc. In this text is a passage, under the heading 'Duty of the Magistrate', which was originally interpreted to read: 'He shall not make war with any deceitful machines or with poisoned weapons or with cannon, guns or any other kind of firearms.' This passage, it might be said, has been adduced in all seriousness as the reason for the non-employment of firearms in Britain during the times of the Druids, assuming thereby some mysterious and arcane connection between the Druids and the mystics of India at a time when India's existence was unknown to the people of Western Europe.
This belief in the Gentoo Code is of long standing; it appears to have arisen in 1773, when a first translation of the Code, certified to by no less a personage than Warren Hastings, quoted this passage and, further, used it to substantiate a doubtful claim that Alexander the Great had been confronted with firearms in India.
But in 1773 the translation of Sanskrit, the language of the Code, was an inexact science, and a certain amount of translator's licence had crept in. Later generations of philologists discovered that Sanskrit was by no means as simple as had first been thought, with eight grammatical cases and a complex code of rules for the formation of compound words. A much later retranslation of this same passage, in the light of improved knowledge, changed the sense completely: 'The King shall not slay his enemies . . . with deceitful or barbed or poisoned weapons, nor with any having a blade made hot by fire or tipped with burning materials.'
like on the true crime of Druids who deserved all the Inquisition they could ever get , for not ending the Anglosaxon plague at its very root . Indians at least had the justification that they were using nukes and vimanas aka UFOs at war , field Riflemen and you would be the laughing stock of the Subcontinent ...
Yet another factor preventing the early growth of artillery was a more curious trend: the rise, during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, of the mercenary soldier. These were mercenary in every sense: not only were they paid for their services, but they entered battle with the intention of surviving to show a profit. A dead enemy was worth only the price of his armour and possessions, but a live captive was a potential source of ransom money. Obviously these gentry were opposed to the employment of such lethal instruments as cannon, which were just as likely to kill a knight of considerable financial potential as a worthless bowman. Where mercenaries were involved warfare became a lucrative but otherwise slightly ridiculous activity; at the Battle of Zagonara in 1423 only three men were killed, and they were suffocated by falling into soft mud from which the weight of their armour prevented their rising. And in a battle between Neapolitan and Papal troops in 1486, which lasted the entire day, no one was killed or even wounded.
like one other case where the poor unfortunate fell off his horse and became the only fatality of the day .
The supply of fuel and lubricants and spare parts was also a daunting problem; you could generally find something to feed a horse on, but finding petrol could be difficult in those days. Most of all it broke on the rock of skilled manpower; at that time almost every soldier had some knowledge of horses before he enlisted, even if it was only to distinguish which end bit and which end kicked, so that training him to look after horses was not too difficult. However, men who understood the motor vehicle rarely found their way into the Army, and until either recruits got brighter or motor vehicles more simple, most armies were content to stay with their horses.
It is difficult for the reader in the 1970s, when soldiers are seen on all sides manipulating such things as computers, missiles, lasers and other highly technical devices, to appreciate the fear in which anything remotely difficult was held by the military authorities in the 1900s; it was an article of faith that the average soldier was so stupid that he could barely be trusted to hold a hammer by the correct end unless supervised, and the adoption of many useful devices was resisted by the authorities on the grounds that it would be impossible to instruct soldiers how to use or care for them. It took the First World War War to demonstrate the fallacy of this viewpoint.
and the final part , on difficulties of communications in the Great War so that forward troops could demand artillery support , and it comes to carrier pigeons .
The best comment on this system came from the American Army, one of whose pigeons arrived at the gun position bearing the message: 'Passed to you: I'm tired of carrying this damn bird.'
from A History of Artillery by Ian V. Hogg , printed 1974 . Kind of book that impresses , with the ease it teaches . Won't say it made this turbolazer veteran an expert but imagine the things to write on the WH thread !