In 2016, Victor Galușca, a Moldovan filmmaker and photographer, happened upon what he called a “treasure”: some 4,000 negatives documenting village life in the former Soviet republic from the 1950s through the 1970s by an unheralded Moldovan photographer.
Galușca was then a student at Moldova’s main film institute and working on his final project, which focused on the many villages that have been hollowed out by the country’s ongoing depopulation crisis.
In the village of Roșietici in northern Moldova, Galușca entered a deserted house and noticed discarded photos in the trash. He then uncovered a giant cache of negatives in the attic.
“I felt it was something unique and incredible,” Galușca said by telephone from the Moldovan capital, Chisinau. “I felt very excited. For me, it was a kind of magic.”
The photographs, all in black and white, were the work of Zaharia Cușnir, the house’s former owner, who had eked out a living by taking passport and other photos for residents of the surrounding villages, which were part of a local collective farm. He died in 1993.
Cușnir would bicycle from town to town with his Soviet Lyubitel, or amateur, camera, interspersing his professional work with personal shots of the villagers and moments in their lives — celebrations, weddings and, sometimes, funerals.
“I think what he managed to capture in these photos was the sincerity of the people looking at him,” Galușca said.
Since the fall of communism, Moldova has lost about a third of its population from mass emigration and low birthrates. Those few who remain in the villages are overwhelmingly the elderly, who will probably spend their remaining years there.