SeelingCat
Prince
Qing Uniques! EDIT: Thanks to @8housesofelixir for some additional information/corrections!
Kang Qian Shengshi | Ability | 康乾盛世; "Kang[xi]-Qian[long] Golden Age" | The period of time spanning from the reign of Emperor Kangxi to the reign of Emperor Qianlong, noted as the heyday or golden age of the Qing; Also known as the High Qing or Kang Yong Qian Shengshi |
Ten Great Campaigns | Civic | A series of military campaigns during the reign of the Qianlong Emperor, targeting Central Asia, Taiwan, Burma, Vietnam, Tibet, and Sichuan | |
Open Customs | Civic | Unsure if this is a particular reference, or just a description of China's (often forceful) opening to foreign trade during the Qing | |
Kang Xi Tax Reformation | Civic | Refers to the tax reforms made under the Kangxi Emperor; he made remissions, and froze land and corvee taxes in 1712 | |
Stabilizing Frontier | Civic | Potentially a reference to the mission of many of the Ten Great Campaigns to stabilize the frontier regions of the Qing | |
Chuang Guandong | Tradition | 闖關東; "Crashing into Guandong" | The rush of Han people into Manchuria in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, resulting in Han Chinese becoming a majority in the area |
Cohong | Tradition | 公行; "Public Trade" | A guild of merchants that operated the import-export monopoly in Guangzhou. Prior to the First Opium War, "trade relations between China and Europe took place exclusively via the Cohong" |
Farmland Assessment | Tradition | Refers to the abandonment of the levy tax, the last part of the Kangxi Tax Reforms. | |
Banner Army | Tradition | Administrative and military divisions that originated under Nurhaci and in place during the Later Jin and Qing dynasties. Considered to be the elite forces of the Qing military until their failure to suppress the Taiping Rebellion | |
Huiguan | Quarter | 會館; "guild hall; clan association"; lit. "gathering house" | A guildhall or assembly hall - A famous example would be the Huguang Huiguan in Chongqing - a complex containing many venues including those for business/trade and social activities. Related to 同鄉會 Tongxianghui, an association or club of people from the same region (see Kongsi) |
Shiguan | Building | 試舘/試館 lit. "examination office/building" | A reference to the imperial examinations for selecting bureaucrats; the examinations date back to the Sui Dynasty and lasted until 1905. |
Qianzhuang | Building | 錢莊; lit. "coin farm" | Independent and private Chinese banks; first appeared during the Ming Dynasty, but greatly proliferated during the Qing. Were more likely to invest in riskier business practices compared to the larger nation-wide banking networks |
Hangshang | Civilian | 行商; "business/guild merchant" | The Chinese merchants who made up the Cohong |
Gusa | Military | ᡤᡡᠰᠠ (Manchu, gūsa) | A Banner (see Banner Army) |
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