1. What is your personal view on what guns should or should not be allowed? (I get this is problably nuanced based on location, NYC isn't the same as Texas.)
In general, fully automatic weapons should be banned. Semi-automatic weapons should have limited clip sizes (and by limited I mean "no giant clips" rather than being absolutely limited). Heavy regulation, and possible out right bans, of personal ownership of handguns would be permissible on a local jurisdiction level.
2. Do you feel that your stance is currently constitutional, or do you disagree with what the constitution currently says?
"Currently Constitutional?" Are you suggesting that the Constitution is open to contemporary interpretation?
That aside, my stance is Constitutional. The Second Amendment dictates that the right to bear arms is intended as a means to maintain a militia. In case the cause for a militia ever arises within the Union, semi-automatic weapons can be reconfigured to support fully automatic firing and be equipped with extended clip; as no such need exists at this time or for the foreseeable future it reasonable to limit automatic weapons and clip sizes for the time being.
The handgun bit is a little more dicey, however we need to recognize that handguns are the guns most frequently used to harm others domestically by a long margin. The State (either the Union, individual states, and even local government) has a duty to protect its subjects under Article One, Section Eight. Indeed, the primary duty of any state in any local globally has long been presumed to be the protection of its subjects. As handguns represents a clear threat to the safety of those living the United States, or localities therein, any individual right to possess a handgun runs up against that primary duty of government. When such a conflict exists, we must necessarily subordinate the right to own a handgun to the duty of the government to protect the people living under it.
3. How do you justify gun control with things like "Innocent until proven guilty" and the general right to self-defense?
I don't see a conflict or a need to justify my views against the presumption of innocence. I don't even know why you would think that would need to be justified. I am curious to read the other posts in this thread to determine what you mean by that.
Edit: After reading the thread, I didn't see any real discussion on your part of how gun control touches upon the presumption of innocence.
I don't see my views as being in conflict with a right to self-defense. My idea permits the private ownership of any number of firearms that could be used to defend oneself.
If you don't believe on enforcing personal morality on others, how does disarming civilians fit with "Live and let live" principles?
A ban on the sale of fully automatic weapons and, in some localities, handguns does not disarm anyone. Plenty of other firearm options exist. My proposal simply limns what firearms can be owned by private individuals. Such limits already exist; one cannot purchase privately a working atom bomb or 16in gun from a battleship. I am simply refining what guns would and would not be allowed while still permitting plenty of other options.
Alcohol can sometimes cause societal harm yet (most of) you don't want to ban it?
Alcohol isn't intended to harm anyone. Enjoyed in moderation, it is a worthwhile asset to our society. The firearms I would heavily moderate, listed above in response to your point one, are manufactured with the intent to cause serious harm or death to a person. Even a trap shooting gun can cause serious harm, even if trap shooting itself is a worthwhile pastime.
Gun violence is NOT the problem. If the same number of people, that were killed with firearms, were killed with butter knives, would it be any less of a problem?
Actually, gun violence, as opposed to the threat of butter knife violence, IS the problem, or at least part of it. Studies have shown that violent acts in areas with high percentages of gun ownership are noticeably more lethal than violent acts in areas with low percentages of gun ownership. The presence of guns doesn't necessarily deter or encourage violence or crime, but what it does make violence and crime noticeably more lethal. Consequently it stands to reason that if all the guns in the US were replaced overnight with butter knives we'd probably have the same rate of violent acts tomorrow as we did today, but those acts would likely result in far fewer catastrophic injuries.