A Term for Fakery That’s Possibly Fake Itself
[ Fu g a z y ]
A COLORFUL WORD for phoniness keeps popping up in newsworthy contexts. As reported on the New York news site The City this past week, a lawsuit alleges that when a worker was seriously injured falling through a roof at a demolition site in Brooklyn, the contractor produced safety logs that were fabricated with forged signatures. The contractor, Joseph Bordone, denied that the safety logs were faked, saying, “Nothing was fugazy.” The word has also appeared recently online with the alternate spelling “fugazi.” In a thread on the social media site BlueSky, former assistant U.S. attorney Mitch-ell Epner called John Eastman, Donald Trump’s onetime personal lawyer (and alleged co-conspirator in seeking to undo the 2020 election), a “fugazi tough guy.” And last month, mixed martial artist Israel Adesanya posted an Instagram photo of Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg training with him, with the caption, “No fugazi with Mark. This is serious business.” (The photo appears to allude to a proposed cage match between Zuckerberg and rival billionaire Elon Musk.)
As a word for something bogus or counterfeit, “fugazy” (which rhymes with “crazy”) gained prominence in the 1997 movie “Donnie Brasco,” in which Johnny Depp stars as an FBI agent working undercover as the titular jewel thief. When the mobster Lefty Ruggiero (Al Pacino) approaches Donnie to fence a diamond ring, he informs Lefty that the diamond is “a fugazy,” clarifying, “It’s a fake.” The movie was based on the 1987 memoir of the real-life federal agent Joseph D. Pistone, “Donnie Brasco: My Undercover Life in the Mafia.” “Fugazy” appears several times in Pistone’s book as either a noun or an adjective (as in “fugazy diamonds” or “fugazy jewelry”). But where “fugazy” comes from is a little hazy.
While it might seem like an Italian word, there’s no evidence of an origin from Italy—at least not directly. New Yorkers may recall a limousine rental company known as Fugazy Continental that ran local television commercials in the 1970s and ’80s, with owner William Fugazy encouraging viewers to “Go Fugazy.”
The family business, which continues to operate in the transportation sector, dates back to William’s grandfather Luigi, who emigrated from Genoa. “His name was originally Fugazzi, but he wanted it to sound more American so he changed it to Fugazy,” William explained in a 1984 interview.
“The joke is that what he actually did was to make it Hungarian.” It isn’t Hungarian either, but according to the Dictionary of American Family Names, “Fugazzi” may come from “Fogazza,” a variant of the flatbread “focaccia,” suggesting a lineage of bakers.
Those Fugazy Continental ads may have suggested an ersatz kind of luxury to some. William Fugazy later pled guilty to perjury during bankruptcy proceedings, which could have reinforced connotations of falseness. Confusing matters further is an alternative history attached to the version spelled “fugazi,” evidently dating back to the Vietnam War. The word appears in “Nam,” a 1981 oral history of the war, defined in a glossary as “screwed up.” Post-punk musician Ian Mac-Kaye was inspired by the book to name his band Fugazi in 1987. MacKaye was later informed that “fugazi” was in fact an acronym along the lines of “fubar,” or “f— ed up beyond all recognition.” “Fugazi” reportedly stands for “f—ed up, got ambushed, zipped in” (referring to getting zipped in a body bag).
Given that this form of “fugazi” is typically pronounced to rhyme with “Ozzie,” it’s possible that it developed independently from the “fugazy” of “Donnie Brasco.” But it’s not even clear if the term was genuinely used in Mafia circles before Pistone’s book and the movie adaptation.
On a DVD commentary track, “Donnie Brasco” director Mike Newell remarks, “‘Fugazy’ is a completely invented word. Every-body thought that it was real, kind of real mob speak. It’s not at all.” So “fugazy” may have been fugazy all along.
Johnny Depp (left) and Al Pacino in ‘Donnie Brasco.’
WORD ON THE STREET
BEN ZIMMER