Superpowers of the next century!

I don't know where you get your statistics, but those are very wrong. From the UNESCO database, 2004 data:

School age population - tertiary education, total:
China: 101,684,177
India: 100,778,666
US: 20,499,567
United Kingdom: 3,737,727
France: 3,856,521

Enrolment in total tertiary. Public and private. Full and part time. Total:
China: 19,417,044
India: 11,852,936
US: 16,900,471
United Kingdom: 2,247,441
France: 2,160,300
North America and Western Europe: 32,870,246

As you can see, the percentage of university graduates (over the total population) in India is much less than in Europe (11% vs. ~60%). China has already more tertiary education students than either Western Europe or North America, India is quite behind.

Considering this data, then if indeed China has a scarcity of professionals and India doesn't this leads me to believe that the chinese have a more technology-oriented economy than India.
You make a valid point, but I dont think it is a major one.

India's power in education can be seen in its marketability more than its raw numbers. Indian professionals have penetrated, extensively, the highest levels in the industrial world. For example, the impact of Indian doctors on medicine in the USA is widely acknowledged, and out of proportion to the numbers. Similarly accounting and software design.

It is having an impact in the subcontinent as well. India's middle class is growing rapidly, and the results can be seen in the growth of liesure and consumer spending.

Comparing to the Chinese is difficult, since they are not exporting expertise. It is useless to compare graduation rates, since advancement is driven by a relative few. Culturally, the competition seems to becoming intense. They may drive each other to the top. At the moment, however, I see no clear leader.

J
 
St Exupère;5507457 said:
Hey, I am not trying to be particularly vindicative here but merely to put forward a fact that the destinies of Western Europe and Africa are now tied, will be more and more, and probably towards the advantage of African culture and Nations because this trend is rather one-sided. This will have major geopolitical implications, one of which could be the rise of African Nations; I have noticed that few anticipate this - especially in North America and Eastern Europe. That's all I am saying and I am not commenting on this fact - though I have my own opinions about it.

Stupid comment drunk when I wrote it.
 
St Exupère;5507681 said:
1/ at first, such a change always brings discord and disunity, which can and often does lead to violence and/or deep political recomposition such as territorial partitions (but not always)
2/ asserting such a thing as "human progress" is completely subjective and basically every "civilization", or independant school of thought, will have different opinions/answers on what it means
3/ when everyone on the planet agrees on what "human progress" means, then there will be only one civilization, and one Nation, left - to speak in civ terms; this also could happen more quikcly than most think, see scenario 1 above...

I don't claim that I have a universal idea of human progress, but I think most reasonable modern people hold that the separation of politics and religion is more progressive than the alternative. And the sort of discord I'm talking about is the rise of intolerance, which can happen on both sides.
 
scy,

Either i am underestimating the cultural significance of African immigration or you are overestimating it . Actually i believe , by having a good interpreting system , African immigrants can blend with French/English /add , on cultural levels also.
Maybe you are under-estimating it, but even more so maybe you are over-estimating what is left of "French identity" and its will to continue to exist per se, ie having a destiny of its own. Sure, blending happens but IMO happens in such a way that I am sure that in 50/70 years time France will look and feel more African than European to a Pole, a Russian or an Argentinian. And I mean culturally.

But i think it is an achievable process to interpret slowly immigrants to a new culture . Given enough Educat ... Brainwashing everything is achievable.
My point here is not even to talk about achievability, degree of violence... but simply to point-out that the current migration trends in Europe (mainly Western) will have geopolitical implications of the magnitude of those that followed the north and eastern migrations of Europe from 4th century ac, onwards. All of this can happen "peacefully", though violence is likely.

So i agree there may be some danger for destabilization but i don't think it is so evident.
Again, this is true but is not the point I wished to make in terms of power perspectives and geopolitics for the century to come.

Geopolitically Eu is very powerful unless you don't count Trading and Economic power as a Globalization and control parameter.
Trading is politically very powerful... provided you intend to use it to your advantage. To my knowledge, the EU does not have (today) a protectionnist/discriminatory vision of economy and trading, but rather an unbiased and global one - bar some exceptions such as agriculture. Basically today, in all trade meetings and treaties around the world, Europe is in a weak position and by the years its geopolitical/economic position is worsening in terms of sovereignity and capability to act. The recent take-over of European steel by Indian funds and interests was a remarkable example of what I am trying to say. The EU is much, much weaker and divided than most imagine today. It lacks will, it lacks a power to discriminate, to forge itself a destiny in opposition to other powers and blocks surrounding it. It is not even able to open a discussion on its borders, it is hardly ready to protect and/or defend its borders.

The one currency , Global and Political realities of Eu , and so on will lead more and more countries to enter the Eu axon as i call it.
As it exists today the EU is the embryo of a world-wide free market ruled by international bodies. In other words, there is nothing European about the EU, it is just a Union - a loose, free-market based Union.

Trade is only going to get better based on the patronage of Eu. Also you are underestimating Eu ability to control ,threaten and integrate other countries into it's system.
Take Turkey: the EU has no position, and no will to have any on whether Turkey should or not be in Europe. The discussions are purely administrative and technocratic. The essence of the EU is to have no positioning of its own on real, touchy and thorny issues.

The benefits are so many that i don't see Eu "ever" being disbanded or losing it's place.
Again this is not the point; the point I make is that the EU is not European, and will not exist as a geopolitical power in the way the USA, China and others do.

While i understand all your positions on this country
I did not state any "position" on Turkey of my own; just said that the EU will be divided and un-democratic about Turkey's membership, and that because of its weakness the EU as a whole will never oppose to Turkey's entry. It is Turkey that sets the pace here, and the EU will either bend and accept Turkey's entry, or break apart because of its divisions on this thorny issue such as many others. Just look at the current embroglio regarding visas to the USA - even on this the EU is incapable of having any sort of real sovereign power.

All this being said, I am only describing what I believe is a strong trend; trends can and do change, especially when surprising events do occur. And they always do.

Cheers
 
aelf,

I don't claim that I have a universal idea of human progress, but I think most reasonable modern people hold that the separation of politics and religion is more progressive than the alternative.
"modern"? or did you mean "western"? Church and State seperation is purely a christian concept; it became separation of religion and politics when the West stopped being christian roughly a century ago, more or less. It is not a concept that carries the same relevance, or meaning, in other civilizations.

And the sort of discord I'm talking about is the rise of intolerance, which can happen on both sides.
Again, "tolerance" is a purely subjective term that would have you define some kind of norm of what is acceptable (or tolerable) and what is not. Based for instance, on "human rights". Your standpoint will always be subjective, and your tolerance will look very intolerant to other civilizations that have based their sens of right/wrong on something different.
 
^ St Exupere,

The biggest thing with which I totally don't agree is that there is going to be a big gap between Western and Eastern Europe. I believe it's going to be EXACTLY the opposite way. I just came back from Germany, and I travelled almost 40 hours by bus. When I got to Romania, I've seen literally HUNDREDS of trucks from France, Germany, Spain, Italy, and when I got home 3 people asked me for directions in English. And I'm not even talking about Hungary, there almost 1/2 of the cars on the big highways have foreign numbers.

What I am trying to say? This area has more connections with Western Europe than it ever had since the Roman Empire split. The idea that there is going to be a big gap between them in the future is total nonsense to me.
 
St Exupère;5509795 said:
"modern"? or did you mean "western"? Church and State seperation is purely a christian concept; it became separation of religion and politics when the West stopped being christian roughly a century ago, more or less. It is not a concept that carries the same relevance, or meaning, in other civilizations.

Again, "tolerance" is a purely subjective term that would have you define some kind of norm of what is acceptable (or tolerable) and what is not. Based for instance, on "human rights". Your standpoint will always be subjective, and your tolerance will look very intolerant to other civilizations that have based their sens of right/wrong on something different.

True. That doesn't prevent me and many others from believing in these things, though, Western or not. I guess Islamics (not just Muslim) would rather live under Islamic law. That's what they believe in.
 
St Exupère;5509776 said:
scy,


Maybe you are under-estimating it, but even more so maybe you are over-estimating what is left of "French identity" and its will to continue to exist per se, ie having a destiny of its own. Sure, blending happens but IMO happens in such a way that I am sure that in 50/70 years time France will look and feel more African than European to a Pole, a Russian or an Argentinian. And I mean culturally.


My point here is not even to talk about achievability, degree of violence... but simply to point-out that the current migration trends in Europe (mainly Western) will have geopolitical implications of the magnitude of those that followed the north and eastern migrations of Europe from 4th century ac, onwards. All of this can happen "peacefully", though violence is likely.


Again, this is true but is not the point I wished to make in terms of power perspectives and geopolitics for the century to come.


Trading is politically very powerful... provided you intend to use it to your advantage. To my knowledge, the EU does not have (today) a protectionnist/discriminatory vision of economy and trading, but rather an unbiased and global one - bar some exceptions such as agriculture. Basically today, in all trade meetings and treaties around the world, Europe is in a weak position and by the years its geopolitical/economic position is worsening in terms of sovereignity and capability to act. The recent take-over of European steel by Indian funds and interests was a remarkable example of what I am trying to say. The EU is much, much weaker and divided than most imagine today. It lacks will, it lacks a power to discriminate, to forge itself a destiny in opposition to other powers and blocks surrounding it. It is not even able to open a discussion on its borders, it is hardly ready to protect and/or defend its borders.


As it exists today the EU is the embryo of a world-wide free market ruled by international bodies. In other words, there is nothing European about the EU, it is just a Union - a loose, free-market based Union.


Take Turkey: the EU has no position, and no will to have any on whether Turkey should or not be in Europe. The discussions are purely administrative and technocratic. The essence of the EU is to have no positioning of its own on real, touchy and thorny issues.


Again this is not the point; the point I make is that the EU is not European, and will not exist as a geopolitical power in the way the USA, China and others do.


I did not state any "position" on Turkey of my own; just said that the EU will be divided and un-democratic about Turkey's membership, and that because of its weakness the EU as a whole will never oppose to Turkey's entry. It is Turkey that sets the pace here, and the EU will either bend and accept Turkey's entry, or break apart because of its divisions on this thorny issue such as many others. Just look at the current embroglio regarding visas to the USA - even on this the EU is incapable of having any sort of real sovereign power.

All this being said, I am only describing what I believe is a strong trend; trends can and do change, especially when surprising events do occur. And they always do.

Cheers


Maybe you are under-estimating it, but even more so maybe you are over-estimating what is left of "French identity" and its will to continue to exist per se, ie having a destiny of its own. Sure, blending happens but IMO happens in such a way that I am sure that in 50/70 years time France will look and feel more African than European to a Pole, a Russian or an Argentinian. And I mean culturally.

I think you have a blend image of French culture when what i am saying i don't care how the culture will change by adding Africans to the system as long as those Africans identify themselfs as French and Europeans. And i think , this is happening , at least in England , by not extreme-Muslims. A few generations after their won't be any gap. That is the culture that i am referring . I don't get how it would look more than an African , country , explain that . As long as it isn't a destabilization factor , i don't care.


My point here is not even to talk about achievability, degree of violence... but simply to point-out that the current migration trends in Europe (mainly Western) will have geopolitical implications of the magnitude of those that followed the north and eastern migrations of Europe from 4th century ac, onwards. All of this can happen "peacefully", though violence is likely.

A lot migrations happened the previous years and i think , the problems are not as bad as we assume. There are problems , Indeed , though. And some countries to face bigger problems than others and on them , yes the problem may be big but not in all Europe. The problem has less to do with migration rates and more with the birth rates of the immigrants that surpasses those of Europeans . It isn't easy to tell if this will be a problem.


Trading is politically very powerful... provided you intend to use it to your advantage. To my knowledge, the EU does not have (today) a protectionnist/discriminatory vision of economy and trading, but rather an unbiased and global one - bar some exceptions such as agriculture. Basically today, in all trade meetings and treaties around the world, Europe is in a weak position and by the years its geopolitical/economic position is worsening in terms of sovereignity and capability to act. The recent take-over of European steel by Indian funds and interests was a remarkable example of what I am trying to say. The EU is much, much weaker and divided than most imagine today. It lacks will, it lacks a power to discriminate, to forge itself a destiny in opposition to other powers and blocks surrounding it. It is not even able to open a discussion on its borders, it is hardly ready to protect and/or defend its borders.

Europe is the strongest Economy on the Planet and has the largest population on the planet. It may not always globally act as one but it doesn't have to Globally act as one. I will not argue how will Europe act towards it's neighboors , i will just say that what matters most is the effect that Europian Nations have in the entity that is called European Union. Bulgaria , Romania for example , their entry was best thing that ever happened to them in recent times. Few countries will resist entering Eu , considering the political benefits.
That means more and more countries industrialize and enter an axon of rich countries with the Help of Eu money. The situation is set to improve more and more in the future.
The one currency of the strongest economy in the Planet is reason enough for any country to change it's policy towards all Eu nations , because all use the same currency.


I don't think Europe is under a need to protect it's borders although i agree it can't act Globally in the way the other superpower does , to protect it's interest. And they don't want to. But what i am arguing is , do they have to ?



But i guess you agree a bit of the above but what you don't "like" is that Eu doesn't act as a sovereign power. I guess if European Nations do not agree on one issue , several of them create axons , teams based on their interests and so i agree , there is division in Eu. However , trends change , like you said.
But i also think that their are common Eu interests and in that case some of Eu members create an opposition to that interests if it's against theres. That is why i described the Thorn , because it isn't always two opposing Euorpian teams but one European one and an other one that fights for Other Interests. Which is better , as there is less division on the interests of Europeans.

Quote:
Originally Posted by scy12 View Post
The one currency , Global and Political realities of Eu , and so on will lead more and more countries to enter the Eu axon as i call it.
As it exists today the EU is the embryo of a world-wide free market ruled by international bodies. In other words, there is nothing European about the EU, it is just a Union - a loose, free-market based Union.

European Union also tries to act as one Mega -Government and European laws overcome National laws. Their European policies on Health , Education and so on and there is also the European court . The economical and immigrant policies are also very important. I see Eu more like a world government rather than just one economical union. And ofcourse Countries would want to enter for the political gain of expressing their opinion in political and other matters of such organisation. European Union is a baby and look how it is , it is unimaginable , how it may evolve. The abolishion of all National goverments all the creation of a Federation ( if it isn't already done) state isn't out of the question. You can't accuse an organisation for weakness when it is in the evolution progress.



I did not state any "position" on Turkey of my own; just said that the EU will be divided and un-democratic about Turkey's membership, and that because of its weakness the EU as a whole will never oppose to Turkey's entry. It is Turkey that sets the pace here, and the EU will either bend and accept Turkey's entry, or break apart because of its divisions on this thorny issue such as many others. Just look at the current embroglio regarding visas to the USA - even on this the EU is incapable of having any sort of real sovereign power.

In this example , it is in Eu interest not to accept Turkey as a full member. Yet there is division . That means that Usa Forces other Eu countries or they act on common interest in a direction that creates problems with Eu. However we still don't know how Eu will act in this situation. It is not Black and White , there are conflicting interests in the Eu , sure but for how long ? Why i call them thorns ? Because their is a clear common Eu interests axon and then some other countries try to disagree on that based on Pressure from other powers. How do they handle this , especially with every member having Veto power , i don't know. But While Money flows rapidly in Europe , who cares if Eu doesn't act like a decisive , National Entity/Government , would.

Like i said, Is it so important ?
 
I'm amazed at the current discussion here! There is no "African Culture" opposed to an "European Culture" to threaten it. What remains of african cultures is a mosaic too divided to ever "take over" Europe. In fact the current Africa has been heavily influenced by european culture.

I don't like to simply use the term "culture" (too broad), but I'll use it as it has been used in the discussion. There is a natural evolution of culture, as it must respond to technological changes. Because Europe has been at the forefront of those technological changes for the past 5 centuries, we say that it has exported "european culture" over the world, either modifying or completely superseding other cultures. The fact is that many of those cultures had to change, and could not change organically in time to keep with technological changes brought to their region - they were wiped out, or heavily influenced by "european culture". But that european culture is, to a large degree, just modern culture - unavoidable and inescapable! America first, then Africa, because they were (let's be frank!) the most technologically backwards regions of the world, had their natives cultures almost totally destroyed. The process is still happening in Africa, but when it is finished (and it will be) there will be little left of any genuine african culture. And because the change has to be radical it affects almost every aspect of life there.
Asia fared better because it wasn't technologically backwards, and could change slowly to adapt to new realities. It kept many of its morals and created its own particular approaches to address some changes, different from those prevalent in Europe.

So I don't see how can "african culture" take over Europe. We could talk about "african morals", treat morals independently from broad culture. Or of particular african traditions. But that is just a small part of what culture encompasses. And even there africa has very little to export to Europe. The main influence was and is from Europe to Africa, not the opposite.

Culture expands only to connected territories. As it has already been pointed out, France has far more connection with the rest of the EU that with Africa. So even the balance of foreign influences is against any prospect of "african culture" taking over france.

I can't resist writing about Turkey also. Why should Europe refuse Turkey?
Turkey is very much a part of Europe. And I would hope that the southern shores of the Mediterranean are also. Why do some people view them as so different? I know, for a fact, that life there is little different from what life on the northern shores of that sea was a few decades ago. We shouldn't develop a phobia of northern africans just because they have a different religion and that particular religion is going through a period of convulsions and change. Or because we, europeans who mostly live on cities in relative wealth, have forgotten our recent ancestors were mostly peasants not much unlike the image we have of those on some north african countries...
Both Europe and North Africa (and Turkey) are changing, having to change. We have a long history in common, and can choose to continue it. Or we can refuse that now, and loose that option forever in a few decades, as both sides have to develop to face the changing world. Think about it before simply hiding in the closet fearful of imagined "barbarian hordes" taking over Europe.
 
While i understand all your positions on this country , i will never accept the 1st for National , for Political and humanitarian reasons. While 50% of my country is controlled by Turkey troops since 1974 when they invaded , i can't even bother to look at any Eu interests.

Why did greek cypriots refused the UN and EU sponsored plan for the reunification of the island?
Are there any other ideas to solve this problem?
 
Why did greek cypriots refused the UN and EU sponsored plan for the reunification of the island?
Are there any other ideas to solve this problem?

The plan was another proof of European and Un Moral bankrupsy and a Pathetic plan , that was disastrous for Cyprus . We can discuss it elsewhere if you want.
I hope if you have already decided something on this matter to be able to have an open mind because what i am used to , in discussions is if a person isn't informed and supports position A , he will continue to do so , later , because of ego/pride.
 
I don't know any details about what the plan involved or why it failed, wasn't following that question. I was asking about it because I had heard there were high hopes for it, and yet it failed.
 
St Exupère I'm really interested in what you have to say. Can you tell me how you arrived at these conclusions?
 
I'm amazed at the current discussion here! There is no "African Culture" opposed to an "European Culture" to threaten it. What remains of african cultures is a mosaic too divided to ever "take over" Europe. In fact the current Africa has been heavily influenced by european culture.

I don't like to simply use the term "culture" (too broad), but I'll use it as it has been used in the discussion. There is a natural evolution of culture, as it must respond to technological changes. Because Europe has been at the forefront of those technological changes for the past 5 centuries, we say that it has exported "european culture" over the world, either modifying or completely superseding other cultures. The fact is that many of those cultures had to change, and could not change organically in time to keep with technological changes brought to their region - they were wiped out, or heavily influenced by "european culture". But that european culture is, to a large degree, just modern culture - unavoidable and inescapable! America first, then Africa, because they were (let's be frank!) the most technologically backwards regions of the world, had their natives cultures almost totally destroyed. The process is still happening in Africa, but when it is finished (and it will be) there will be little left of any genuine african culture. And because the change has to be radical it affects almost every aspect of life there.
Asia fared better because it wasn't technologically backwards, and could change slowly to adapt to new realities. It kept many of its morals and created its own particular approaches to address some changes, different from those prevalent in Europe.

So I don't see how can "african culture" take over Europe. We could talk about "african morals", treat morals independently from broad culture. Or of particular african traditions. But that is just a small part of what culture encompasses. And even there africa has very little to export to Europe. The main influence was and is from Europe to Africa, not the opposite.

Culture expands only to connected territories. As it has already been pointed out, France has far more connection with the rest of the EU that with Africa. So even the balance of foreign influences is against any prospect of "african culture" taking over france.

I can't resist writing about Turkey also. Why should Europe refuse Turkey?
Turkey is very much a part of Europe. And I would hope that the southern shores of the Mediterranean are also. Why do some people view them as so different? I know, for a fact, that life there is little different from what life on the northern shores of that sea was a few decades ago. We shouldn't develop a phobia of northern africans just because they have a different religion and that particular religion is going through a period of convulsions and change. Or because we, europeans who mostly live on cities in relative wealth, have forgotten our recent ancestors were mostly peasants not much unlike the image we have of those on some north african countries...
Both Europe and North Africa (and Turkey) are changing, having to change. We have a long history in common, and can choose to continue it. Or we can refuse that now, and loose that option forever in a few decades, as both sides have to develop to face the changing world. Think about it before simply hiding in the closet fearful of imagined "barbarian hordes" taking over Europe.
Very good post, I agree entirely.
 
The US shows no real sign of declining, except perhaps Iraq. China is going to emerge as a world superpower, that's where most of the computer game geeks are. :p

Japan just needs to add sublimal messages in their games (Nintendo and Sony) and the world will be following them.

Brazil is going to be the major power in South America, but maybe not a superpower. I think the EU has a good chance of an Economic superpower, and if turning into a NATO-like organization as well, perhaps a military superpower.

Of course, CFC will eventually become the superpower in game fansite forums, or at least Civ fansite forums. :p
 
I reckon this will happen:

USA and China mistrust one another. They nhuke eachother. Thier economies disolve. Britain takes the opertunity to regain the USA and launches an invasion from Canada. The dominions become colonies, and Europe and Asia are forced to bow down to the mighty British Empire.

(I wish.)
 
Europe is today the biggest econmomy, but has not the biggest population in the world.
The greatest problems for Europe today are its excesively interventionistic goverments (just see what happened in Spain whit the scandal of the Endesa power company) and the lack of unity in a system in which everybody can block mayor decisions, especially towards the outside world (just look to what happened whit the Irak war) another great problem is the mistrust of many europeans towards the idea of the European union. This comes mostly from the absolutely wrong idea tha free markets will make many people to loose its job or economic welfare.

Because most of this problems don´t seem that they are going to be resolved soon, I think that Europe will soon be surpased as an economic power by China and US.
 
Back
Top Bottom