That's just "extremist behaviour", nothing specific to religions (though religion certainly pushes toward it). That they justify it by "God's will", secular ideology, the Greatness of the Nation or whatever is just a dressing on the same underlying system where a personally-held doctrine is held to be true to the extent it has priority over reality.
Crime & religiosity of a society are almost always inversely correlated
| Year | Violent crime | Murder and non-negligent manslaughter | Rape | Robbery | Aggravated assault |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1960 | 160.9 | 5.1 | 9.6 | 60.1 | 86.1 |
| 1961 | 158.1 | 4.8 | 9.4 | 58.3 | 85.7 |
| 1962 | 162.3 | 4.6 | 9.4 | 59.7 | 88.6 |
| 1963 | 168.2 | 4.6 | 9.4 | 61.8 | 92.4 |
| 1964 | 190.6 | 4.9 | 11.2 | 68.2 | 106.2 |
| 1965 | 200.2 | 5.1 | 12.1 | 71.7 | 111.3 |
| 1966 | 220.0 | 5.6 | 13.2 | 80.8 | 120.3 |
| 1967 | 253.2 | 6.2 | 14.0 | 102.8 | 130.2 |
| 1968 | 298.4 | 6.9 | 15.9 | 131.8 | 143.8 |
| 1969 | 328.7 | 7.3 | 18.5 | 148.4 | 154.5 |
| 1970 | 363.5 | 7.9 | 18.7 | 172.1 | 164.8 |
| 1971 | 396.0 | 8.6 | 20.5 | 188.0 | 178.8 |
| 1972 | 401.0 | 9.0 | 22.5 | 180.7 | 188.8 |
| 1973 | 417.4 | 9.4 | 24.5 | 183.1 | 200.5 |
| 1974 | 461.1 | 9.8 | 26.2 | 209.3 | 215.8 |
| 1975 | 487.8 | 9.6 | 26.3 | 220.8 | 231.1 |
| 1976 | 467.8 | 8.7 | 26.6 | 199.3 | 233.2 |
| 1977 | 475.9 | 8.8 | 29.4 | 190.7 | 247.0 |
| 1978 | 497.8 | 9.0 | 31.0 | 195.8 | 262.1 |
| 1979 | 548.9 | 9.8 | 34.7 | 218.4 | 286.0 |
| 1980 | 596.6 | 10.2 | 36.8 | 251.1 | 298.5 |
| 1981 | 594.3 | 9.8 | 36.0 | 258.4 | 289.3 |
| 1982 | 570.8 | 9.1 | 34.0 | 238.8 | 289.0 |
| 1983 | 537.7 | 8.3 | 33.8 | 216.7 | 279.4 |
| 1984 | 539.9 | 7.9 | 35.7 | 205.7 | 290.6 |
| 1985 | 556.6 | 8.0 | 36.8 | 209.3 | 304.0 |
| 1986 | 620.1 | 8.6 | 38.1 | 226.0 | 347.4 |
| 1987 | 612.5 | 8.3 | 37.6 | 213.7 | 352.9 |
| 1988 | 640.6 | 8.5 | 37.8 | 222.1 | 372.2 |
| 1989 | 666.9 | 8.7 | 38.3 | 234.3 | 385.6 |
| 1990 | 729.6 | 9.4 | 41.1 | 256.3 | 422.9 |
| 1991 | 758.2 | 9.8 | 42.3 | 272.7 | 433.4 |
| 1992 | 757.7 | 9.3 | 42.8 | 263.7 | 441.9 |
| 1993 | 747.1 | 9.5 | 41.1 | 256.0 | 440.5 |
| 1994 | 713.6 | 9.0 | 39.3 | 237.8 | 427.6 |
| 1995 | 684.5 | 8.2 | 37.1 | 220.9 | 418.3 |
| 1996 | 636.6 | 7.4 | 36.3 | 201.9 | 391.0 |
| 1997 | 611.0 | 6.8 | 35.9 | 186.2 | 382.1 |
| 1998 | 567.6 | 6.3 | 34.5 | 165.5 | 361.4 |
| 1999 | 523.0 | 5.7 | 32.8 | 150.1 | 334.3 |
| 2000 | 506.5 | 5.5 | 32.0 | 145.0 | 324.0 |
| 2001 | 504.5 | 5.6 | 31.8 | 148.5 | 318.6 |
| 2002 | 494.4 | 5.6 | 33.1 | 146.1 | 309.5 |
| 2003 | 475.8 | 5.7 | 32.3 | 142.5 | 295.4 |
| 2004 | 463.2 | 5.5 | 32.4 | 136.7 | 288.6 |
| 2005 | 469.0 | 5.6 | 31.8 | 140.8 | 290.8 |
| 2006 | 473.6 | 5.8 | 31.6 | 150.0 | 292.0 |
| 2007 | 471.8 | 5.7 | 30.6 | 148.3 | 287.2 |
| 2008 | 458.6 | 5.4 | 29.8 | 145.9 | 277.5 |
| 2009 | 431.9 | 5.0 | 29.1 | 133.1 | 264.7 |
| 2010 | 404.5 | 4.8 | 27.7 | 119.3 | 252.8 |
| 2011 | 387.1 | 4.7 | 27.0 | 113.9 | 241.5 |
| 2012 | 387.8 | 4.7 | 27.1 | 113.1 | 242.8 |
| 2013 | 369.1 | 4.5 | 25.9 | 109.0 | 229.6 |
| 2014 | 361.6 | 4.4 | 26.6 | 101.3 | 229.2 |
| 2015 | 373.7 | 4.9 | 28.4 | 102.2 | 238.1 |
| 2016 | 386.6 | 5.4 | 30.0 | 102.9 | 248.3 |
| 2017 | 383.8 | 5.3 | 30.7 | 98.6 | 249.2 |
| 2018 | 368.9 | 5.0 | 30.9 | 86.2 | 246.8 |
| Year | Property crime | Burglary | Larceny | Motor vehicle theft |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1960 | 1,726.3 | |||
| 1961 | 1,747.9 | |||
| 1963 | 2,012 | |||
| 1965 | 2,249 | |||
| 1967 | 2,736 | |||
| 1969 | 3,351 | |||
| 1971 | 3,769 | |||
| 1973 | 3,737 | |||
| 1975 | 4,811 | |||
| 1977 | 4,602 | |||
| 1979 | 5,017 | |||
| 1981 | 5,264 | |||
| 1983 | 4,637 | |||
| 1985 | 4,650 | |||
| 1987 | 4,940 | |||
| 1989 | 5,078 | |||
| 1991 | 5,140 | |||
| 1992 | 4,903.7 | 1,168.4 | 3,103.6 | 631.6 |
| 1993 | 4,740.0 | 1,099.7 | 3,033.9 | 606.3 |
| 1994 | 4,660.2 | 1,042.1 | 3,026.9 | 591.3 |
| 1995 | 4,590.5 | 987.0 | 3,043.2 | 560.3 |
| 1996 | 4,451.0 | 945.0 | 2,980.3 | 525.7 |
| 1997 | 4,316.3 | 918.8 | 2,891.8 | 505.7 |
| 1998 | 4,052.5 | 863.2 | 2,729.5 | 459.9 |
| 1999 | 3,743.6 | 770.4 | 2,550.7 | 422.5 |
| 2000 | 3,618.3 | 728.8 | 2,477.3 | 412.2 |
| 2001 | 3,658.1 | 741.8 | 2,485.7 | 430.5 |
| 2002 | 3,630.6 | 747.0 | 2,450.7 | 432.9 |
| 2003 | 3,591.2 | 741.0 | 2,416.5 | 433.7 |
| 2004 | 3,514.1 | 730.3 | 2,362.3 | 421.5 |
| 2005 | 3,431.5 | 726.9 | 2,287.8 | 416.8 |
| 2006 | 3,346.6 | 733.1 | 2,213.2 | 400.2 |
| 2007 | 3,276.4 | 726.1 | 2,185.4 | 364.9 |
| 2008 | 3,214.6 | 733.0 | 2,166.1 | 315.4 |
| 2009 | 3,041.3 | 717.7 | 2,064.5 | 259.2 |
| 2010 | 2,945.9 | 701.0 | 2,005.8 | 239.1 |
| 2011 | 2,905.4 | 701.3 | 1,974.1 | 230.0 |
| 2012 | 2,868.0 | 672.2 | 1,965.4 | 230.4 |
| 2013 | 2,733.6 | 610.5 | 1,901.9 | 221.3 |
| 2014 | 2,574.1 | 537.2 | 1,821.5 | 215.4 |
| 2015 | 2,500.5 | 494.7 | 1,783.6 | 222.2 |
| 2016 | 2,451.6 | 468.9 | 1,745.4 | 237.3 |
| 2017 | 2,362.9 | 429.7 | 1,695.5 | 237.7 |
| 2018 | 2,199.5 | 376.0 | 1,594.6 | 228.9 |
| Year | All Christians | Non-Religious | Jewish | Muslim | Buddhists |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1900 | 97.0 | 1.3 | 1.4 | ||
| 1950 | 93.1 | 3.3 | 3.1 | 0.1 | |
| 1970 | 91.3 | 5.2 | 2.6 | 0.4 | 0.1 |
| 2000 | 82.0 | 12.0 | 1.9 | 1.2 | 1.2 |
| 2020 | 74.2 | 19.7 | 1.7 | 1.4 | 1.3 |
| 2050(P) | 66.3 | 25.8 | 1.3 | 2.6 | 1.8 |
Is this officially recorded crime or victim survey statistics?
The FBI's Uniform Crime Reporting Program’s National Incident-Based Reporting System went live with test submissions in 1989; a handbook for the system was published in 2002; and as of 2010, only 43% of reporting agencies were fully certified. Only 32 state UCR programs were enrolled, and of those, only 15 were submitting all of their data. The Crime Index that was started in 1960 was suspended in 2004, and the Summary Reporting System was retired, fully replaced by NIBRS, in 2021. I don't know where enrollment or usage stands today, but The Marshal Project claims that, as of reporting year 2021, NIBRS was still missing data from 7,000 agencies, including the NYPD and LAPD (basically the entire state of California, in fact).
Postmodernism is an intellectual stance or mode of discourse[1][2] characterized by skepticism towards elements of the Enlightenment worldview. It questions the "grand narratives" of modernity, rejects the certainty of knowledge and stable meaning, and acknowledges the influence of ideology in maintaining political power.[3][4] The idea of objective claims is dismissed as naïve realism,[5] emphasizing the conditional nature of knowledge.[4] Postmodernism embraces self-referentiality, epistemological relativism, moral relativism, pluralism, irony, irreverence, and eclecticism.[4] It opposes the "universal validity" of binary oppositions, stable identity, hierarchy, and categorization.[6][7]
1962 is what I think CI had in mind. Supreme Court prohibited (mandated communal) prayer in schools. One can to this day pray silently (unless some overzealous Birmingham police happen to be around). As unprepared students of all persuasions do when that pop quiz is announced.
There are no atheists in the foxholes.It is inchoate at present, as Kuhn would predict. Keep your eyes open.
im confused. are you joking? no, real question, because this is just confusing
A couple of people seem to have missed the bolded word here (or possibly the one after it)
It's a saying. I feel certain that even in a foxhole, you would retain your atheism, Valka.
I know it's a saying, and a rather presumptuous one. And I'd have the sense enough to not get into a foxhole in the first place.
