Now that's an interesting idea.
Yeah, I mean ultimately the problem is really eroding the constitutions power of countervailing institutions, isn't it? This may be accomplished through populist appeals, but where it is, imo elites should look at why these appeals are succeeding rather than going all-in on attacking "populism". Imo there is just as much if not more of a threat of "elitist" or "technocratic" erosion of popular/democratic institutions, based on the implicit or explicit rhetorical proposition that the people cannot be trusted with power, and the EMU is a prime example of this; the EU is also an example but less so.
yes
I think some key words/concepts (on this vertical axis) here are emancipation, participation, distance, communicating continuum, satisfying control on your own life.
Emancipation driving how much you expect from the system, distance hindering that expectation (distance from government scale/layers, or tech cq info hurdles (the specialists/technocrats), or cultural differences), participation a tool to diminish the distance.
When that all is "good enough" in functioning as a communicating continuum, governing "top-down" has the buy-in for stability on longer term decisions, and "bottom-up" has the satisfying control on its own life.
The generation of my former, meanwhile dead, colleagues had in general no high expectations in terms of emancipation. They had their rights in exchange for duties and by their democratic votes (high turn-outs), and by their trade union membership (high rates), they had their representatives. Well aware that this was not perfect, they did not expect much more possible, and were in general happy enough with the balance.
On the wave of the 60ies, the left put in the early 70ies emancipation and participation in their banner,
highering expectations & offering a way forward to handle it. Participation funding + laws into community foundations and in workers councils becoming more than a resonance board for the patriarchical set-up of the 50ies. And it was implemented with enough support of other parties.
The wave was bigger than the voters base of the left.
imo elites should look at why these appeals are succeeding rather than going all-in on attacking "populism"
Society had become more complex since the late 40ies, causing more "distance", the peoples "wave" responded, regent elites were removed by internal political party coups, adaptation was made from left initiatives. And the communicating continuum was not only anymore from representatives up, governing top-down with civil servants., but also bottom up in society (not only the within the political party or union) directly towards civil servants and towards governing politicians.
I could describe more aspects. But this is roughly a bit my picture.
Also to that: where the emancipation wave of the early 20th century was more a finger pointed at you with:
"we need you" ..... for the army, for your vote, for your membership....
the emancipation wave of the 70ies is more:
"your opinion is important for us, your opinion counts"
It could well be that we see now a next wave of emancipation
and possibly again driven by "distance" from our increased tech-info-expertise-specialisation complexity, whether from governing with more refined rule sets, from science establishment with stronger impacts from abstract evidence (climate, vaccination measles), etc, etc... all diminishing our overview, our feeling to have that satisfying control on our own lifes.
And global finance proved to us they have no real control... yet having such a high impact, but of a kind so confusing that it is difficult to catch well, becoming a faith and evasive ignore element.
With the distance gaps increasing in the governing-to-people communicating continuum, the distance horizontally between people decreasing because of social media, but at the same time more anonymous.
That distance needs indeeds answers. Bunker mentality of the current regent elites not helpful.
The wave there.